2.12

Question 1

bureaucracy

Answer 1

the vast, hierarchical organization of executive branch employees that take care of the federal government’s business

Question 2

compliance monitoring

Answer 2

making sure the firms and companies that are subject to industry regulations are following those standards and provisions

Question 3

iron triangle

Answer 3

coordinated activities of bureaucracy, Congress, and interest groups to achieve policy goals

Question 4

issue networks

Answer 4

webs of influence between interest groups, policymakers, and policy advocates

Question 5

Civil Service Commission

Answer 5

oversees the process and prevented officials from requiring federal employees to contribute to political campaigns.

Question 6

Civil Service Reform Act (1978)

Answer 6

altered how a bureaucrat is dismissed, limited preferences for veterans in hopes of balancing the genders in federal employment and put upper-level appointments back into the president’s hands

Question 7

merit system

Answer 7

hiring and promotion based on competitive testing results, education, and other qualities

Question 8

National Performance Review

Answer 8

Clinton’s key document in assessing the federal bureaucracy; organized to identify problems and offer solutions and ideas for government savings; focused on diminishing the paperwork burden and placing more discretionary responsibility with the agencies

Question 9

Office of Personal Management

Answer 9

runs the merit system and coordinates the federal application process for jobs and hiring

Question 10

patronage

Answer 10

the practice of rewarding loyal party leaders with federal jobs

Question 11

Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883)

Answer 11

an act to draw up and enforce rules on hiring, promotion, and tenure of office

Question 12

spoils system

Answer 12

Presidents appoint regional and local postmasters in the many branch offices across the nation expecting loyalty in return