21.1 Viral Evolution, Morphology, and Classification

Question 1

What is the primary genetic material found in viruses?

Answer 1

Either DNA or RNA.

Question 2

True or False: Viruses can reproduce independently without a host cell.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The protein coat surrounding a virus is called a ______.

Answer 3

capsid.

Question 4

What term describes the process by which viruses evolve over time?

Answer 4

Viral evolution.

Question 5

Which type of virus contains both RNA and DNA?

Answer 5

Retroviruses.

Question 6

What is the main function of viral proteins?

Answer 6

To facilitate the infection of host cells and evade the host immune response.

Question 7

True or False: Color of the virus is NOT a method of viral classification?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the significance of viral morphology in classification?

Answer 8

It helps determine the virus’s shape and structure, aiding in its identification.

Question 9

True or False: All viruses have an envelope.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The study of viruses is known as ______.

Answer 10

virology.

Question 11

What are the two main categories of viruses based on their genetic material?

Answer 11

DNA viruses and RNA viruses.

Question 12

Short Answer: Name one method used to classify viruses.

Answer 12

Based on their structure, method of replication, or the type of host they infect.

Question 13

T or F: Herpesvirus. is an example of a DNA virus?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or False: Viruses can infect any type of organism.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The shape of a virus can be ______, helical, or complex.

Answer 15

icosahedral.

Question 16

What is a viral genome?

Answer 16

The complete set of genetic material present in a virus.

Question 17

What is the role of viral envelopes?

Answer 17

To protect the viral genome and aid in the entry into host cells.

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which virus is known for causing the common cold?

Answer 18

Rhinovirus.

Question 19

True or False: Viruses can be treated with antibiotics.

Answer 19

False.

Question 20

What is the primary method through which viruses are classified?

Answer 20

By their nucleic acid type and structure.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The process by which a virus exits a host cell is called ______.

Answer 21

budding.

Question 22

Short Answer: Why is understanding viral evolution important?

Answer 22

It helps in developing vaccines and treatments for viral infections.

Question 23

What are viral vectors?

Answer 23

Viruses used to deliver genetic material into cells for research or therapy.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which viral family includes the virus responsible for HIV?

Answer 24

Retroviridae.

Question 25

True or False: All viruses are pathogenic.

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The study of how viruses interact with host cells is known as ______.

Answer 26

viral pathogenesis.

Question 27

What is a viral quasispecies?

Answer 27

A group of related viral variants that arise due to high mutation rates.