2.1.1 Introduction to Cells

Question 1

Similarities between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 1

• Both contain organelles
• Cell surface membrane made of phospholipid bilayer

Question 2

Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

• Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex
• Prokaryotic cells make single-celled organisms
• Prokaryotic cell wall made of peptidoglycan; eukaryotic cell wall made of cellulose or chitin
• Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles
• Eukaryotic cells arise by mitosis or meiosis; prokaryotic cells arise by binary fission
• Eukaryotic cell ranges from 10-150um
  Prokaryotic cell ranges from 0.5-100um
• Eukaryotes have linear DNA
• Prokaryotes have circular DNA
• Prokaryotes have 70S ribosomes
• Eukaryotes have 80S

Question 3

Animal Cells contain…

Answer 3

Mitochondria
ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Nucleus

Question 4

Plant cells contain…

Answer 4

Everything animal cells have, plus:
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell wall

Question 5

Eukaryotes

Answer 5

Animals
Plants
Algae
Fungi

Question 6

Prokaryotes

Answer 6

Bacteria