2.1.1 Cell Structure Flashcards
What are the two main types of organism ?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Name four features of eukaryotic cells
Multicellular
Have chromosomes
Have a nucleus
Have organelles
Name three features of prokaryotic cells
Unicellular
DNA is not contained in a nucleus
Smaller
What are the four examples of a type of eukaryotic cell ?
Animal cell
Plant cell
Algal
Fungal
What are the two examples of a prokaryotic cell ?
Bacteria cell virus
Animal cell organelles contain what sub cellular structures ? (there’s 11)
Cell surface plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Smooth endoplastic reticulum
Ribosomes
Rough endoplastic reticulum
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
What sun cellular structures do plant cells have ?
Same as animal cells except lysosomes with the addition of chloroplasts, cell wall and vacuole
What is the function of the cell surface plasma membrane ?
Regulates the movement of substances and is made up of lipids and proteins. It has receptors
What is the function of the cytoplasm ?
It is where chemical reactions take place.
What is the function of the nucleus ?
It is membrane bound, stores chromosomes and directs the synthesis of all proteins
What is the function of the nuclear envelope ?
Double membrane and has pores for RNA
What is the function of the nucleolus ?
Is where ribosomes ate produced and is composed of RNA and proteins
What is the function of the smooth endoplastic reticulum?
Synthesis and storage of lipids and carbohydrates
What is the function of the ribosomes?
Composed of proteins and RNA and is the site of protein synthesis
What is the function of the rough endoplastic reticulum?
Network of membranes enclosing flattened sacs (cisternae)