2.1.1 atomic structure

Question 1

What is an isotope?

Answer 1

An atom of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses.

Question 2

How does the period table arrange elements?

Answer 2

In order of the number of protons in the nucleus (atomic number).

Question 3

Why does an atom have no overall charge?

Answer 3

Protons with a positive charge are equal to the amount of electrons with a negative charge, cancels out and neutrons have no charge.

Question 4

What is the mass number?

Answer 4

Mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Question 5

What is the atomic number?

Answer 5

Atomic number is the number of protons in an atoms. It is equal to the number of electrons.

Question 6

What was the Bohr model?

Answer 6

The model proposed that electrons travel around the nucleus of an atom in shells.

Question 7

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 7

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th the mass of carbon-12.

Question 8

What is relative isotopic mass?

Answer 8

The mass of an isotope compared to 1/12th the mass of carbon-12.

Question 9

How can relative atomic mass be found using mass spectrometry?

Answer 9

1. sample is placed in mass spectrometer.
   2.the sample is vaporised and then ionised to form positive ions.
   3.the ions are accelerated, the heavier ions move more slowly and are harder to deflect than lighter ions so the ions get separated.
   4.ions are detected on a mass spectrum as a mass-to-charge ratio.

Question 10

What is the equation for relative atomic mass?

Answer 10

Relative atomic mass=(% abundance/100 x isotope number)