2.1: There Are Different Ways Of Defining And Measuring Development

Question 1

Contrasting ways of defining development

Answer 1

When defining development, you have economic criteria, broader social effects and political measures.

Question 2

Contrasting ways of measuring development

Answer 2

There are different indicators to measure development. They are: Corruption Index, GDP/Capita, Poverty Line, Measures of Inequality, Safe Water, Literacy Rates. These can be categorised into Political, Economic and Social indicators.

Question 3

Corruption Index

Answer 3

A scale to help investors see where their money is safest. 10 is an honest country, 0 is a corrupt country. (Political indicator)

Question 4

GDP/Capita

Answer 4

The total value of goods/services produced in a year divided by the total population. It’s measured is US$. It shows the average wealth per person. (Economic indicator)

Question 5

Poverty Line

Answer 5

The minimum $ needed for basic needs. If someone is living below this, they are said the be living below the poverty line. (Economic indicator)

Question 6

Measures of Inequality

Answer 6

This is how equally wealth is shared between the population. (Economic indicator)

Question 7

Safe Water

Answer 7

The amount of a population who have access to piped water within 1km of their town/city. (Social indicator)

Question 8

Literacy Rate

Answer 8

The percentage of the population over the age of 15 who can read/write. (Social indicator)

Question 9

Demographic Indicators

Answer 9

Fertility Rates, Death Rates, Population Structure, Maternal Mortality Rates, Infant Mortality Rates, Birth Rate, Life Expectancy

Question 10

Fertility Rates

Answer 10

The average number birth per woman in her reproductive life.

Question 11

Death Rates

Answer 11

The number of deaths per 1000 per year.

Question 12

Population Structure

Answer 12

The percentage of people per country in each age group (10-14). It shows the percentage of males and females.

Question 13

Maternal Mortality Rates

Answer 13

The number of mothers per 100,000 who die in childbirth.

Question 14

Infant Mortality Rates

Answer 14

The number of children per 1000 live births dead before their first birthday.

Question 15

Birth Rates

Answer 15

The number of live births per 1000 people per year.

Question 16

Dependency Ratio

Answer 16

The proportion of the population above and below normal working age (0-14 and 65+). It’s calculated like this:

Young and elderly divided by everyone who’s working age x 100