2.1 raising finance Flashcards

1
Q

What are the internal sources of finance

Explain them

A

Owners capital - owner uses own funds
Retained profit - most common form
Selling assets - sell assets it no longer needs

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2
Q

What are the external sources finance

Explain

A

Family and friends - provide start up capital
Banks - provide loans and overdrafts
Peer to peer funding
Business angels- rich individuals who invest in risky start ups
Crowdfunding

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3
Q

What are the methods of finance

Explain

A
Loans
Share capital 
Venture capital
Overdraft
Leasing
Trade credit
Grants
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4
Q

What is a loan

A

Where money is borrowed by a business and paid back over a period of time with interest

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5
Q

What is share capital

A

Where shares of the business are sold to the public or privatised

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6
Q

What is venture capital

A

Where capital is provided to high risk businesses with high interest rates

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7
Q

What is an overdraft

A

Where the bank allows a business to continue spending , even when in minus. Paid back with interest.

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8
Q

What is leasing

A

Where an asset can be used whilst maintaining a balanced cash flow.

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9
Q

What is trade credit

A

Goods provided by a supplier which are not paid for immediately

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10
Q

What is a grant

A

Money provided by the government to operate in an area to boost the economy. Are extremely rare and the business has to follow strict regulations

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11
Q

Define liability

A

What a business owes

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12
Q

What is unlimited liability

A

Happens in a sole trader or partnership business where the owners funds are at risk if the business fails to pay its debts.

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13
Q

What is limited liability

A

Happens in a LTD or PLC where the liability is limited to the amount of capital invested in the business

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14
Q

Define cash flow forecasts

A

A projection of the likely cash inflows and outflows in a business

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15
Q

What is opening balance

A

The money a business has available at the start of the month

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16
Q

Define cash inflows

A

Money coming in to the business, can be through sales or investment

17
Q

Define cash outflows

A

Expenses for the business, like stock, fixed costs and variable costs

18
Q

Define closing balance

A

The amount of money a business is left with at the end of the month.

19
Q

What is the use of cash flow forecasts

A

To spot cash flow problems in advance

20
Q

How can a business improve cash flow

A

Produce and distribute products as quickly as possible
Chasing debtors who owe money
Keeping stock to a minimum

21
Q

Why may cash flow forecasts not be entirely accurate

A

Conditions in the market can change

Business may not sell all output

22
Q

What is a business plan

A

A document setting out a business idea and how it will be financed, marketed and put into practice

23
Q

What will a business plan help the business with

A

Consider potential future risks
Maintain a clear sense of direction
Have objectives to aim for

24
Q

What should a business plan include

A
Executive summary
The product /service 
The market 
Marketing plan
Operational plan
Financial plan
Conclusion
25
Q

What should the main part of the business plan be

A

The cash flow forecasts

26
Q

What Finance would be appropriate for a unlimited liability business

A

Owners capital
Bank finance (loans and overdrafts)
Leasing
Trade credit

27
Q

What finance would be appropriate for a limited liability business

A

Loans and overdrafts
Share capital
Angel or venture capital investment

28
Q

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of internal finance

A

A
The capital becomes available immediately
Is cheap due to no interest payments or administration costs
Not subject to external checks
No involvements of external businesses

D
Can be limited in the amount
Not tax deductible, external finance methods of interest payments can be offset against tax
Less variety of internal options than external
Opportunity cost is high