2.1 Political parties.

Question 1

political party

Answer 1

a group of people that is organised for the purpose of winning power at a national and local level

Question 2

main three features of political party

Answer 2

1. parties aim to exercise power by winning political office
2. parties typically adopt a broad issue focus, adressing each og the major areas of gov policy
3. mems of pol party are usually united by shared political preferences and a general ideological identity, although these are often and loose and broadly defined

Question 3

what are the three main ways party funding?

Answer 3

1. subscription
2. member donations from gov and organisations
3. state funding in form of grants

Question 4

membership fees

Answer 4

parties recieve funding from men subs
- been a decline w collapse of party memberships, esp con party although surge in membership for labour, snp, green since 2015 which saw their income close to matching or even exceeding their income from donations

Question 5

donations

Answer 5

can be from individuals, corporation donations from businesses from pressure groups such trade unions
- critics have long alleged labour has in effect controlled by trade unions whle cons open to allegatipn that thier maj bus backers like finance, insurance and real estate exert undue influencer over thre process of policy development

Question 6

grants

Answer 6

There is a limited public money made available to the parties in form of grants
- short money available to opposition parties to help w their parliamentary duties but not w election or campaigning expenses
- Cranbourne money this similar scheme that operates for the largest and second largest opposition party in hol
- The Electoral Commission has £2mil in money from the uk parl to allocate to parties w a least two sitting MPs to develop policies to include in their election manifestos