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Biology > 2.1 Molecules to metabolism > Flashcards

2.1 Molecules to metabolism Flashcards

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1
Q

What is molecular biology?

A

A part of biology that is associated with biological activity at a molecular level

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2
Q

What atomic number does carbon have?

A

6

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3
Q

How many electrons does carbon have in its outer shell?

A

4 electrons

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4
Q

How many covalent bonds can carbon form?

A

4

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5
Q

What carbon-based compounds are found in living organisms?

A

Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins

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6
Q

What are the 4 types of macromolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

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7
Q

What are carbohydrates composed of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

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8
Q

What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbs?

A

2:1

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9
Q

What are the types of lipids?

A

steroids, waxes, phospholipids, and triglycerides

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10
Q

What are proteins made of?

A

Amino acids arranged in long chains

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11
Q

What are nucleic acids made of?

A

Nucleotides arranged in long chains

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12
Q

What are macromolecules made up of?

A

Monomers

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13
Q

What is the function of Alpha-D-glucose?

A

Used in the production of ATP in cells

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14
Q

What is the function of Beta-D-glucose?

A

Used to build cell walls in plants

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15
Q

What is the function of starch?

A

Used as long term storage in plants

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16
Q

What is the function of ribose?

A

Used as a component of DNA and RNA

17
Q

What is the function of triglycerides?

A

Used as long-term storage in adipose tissue in animal

18
Q

What is the function of Steroids?

A

Used as chemical messengers in the body, have a distinctive ring shape

19
Q

What is the function of phospholipids?

A

Major component of plasma membranes

20
Q

What is the function of structural proteins?

A

Proteins such as keratin and collagen form the structural framework of many parts of the body.

21
Q

What is the function of enzymes?

A

Metabolic proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body

22
Q

What is the function of polypeptides?

A

A sequence of amino acids that may make up a protein, or a series of polypeptides can also make up a protein

23
Q

What is the function of DNA?

A

Used to store genetic information

24
Q

What is the function of RNA?

A

Used to create proteins at ribosomes using the information stored in DNA

Biology (1 decks)

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