2.1 Laws of Motion

Question 1

Kinematics

Answer 1

Study concerning the motion of objects without reference to the forces that cause the motion. Explains HOW planets move.

Question 2

Kinetics

Answer 2

Study of the relationship between motion and what causes said motion. Explains WHY objects move.

Question 3

Kepler’s 1st Law

Answer 3

Law of ellipses. Planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits

Question 4

Kepler’s 2nd Law

Answer 4

Law of equal areas. As an object moves around its orbit, it will move faster near perigee than at apogee, however, it will sweep out equal areas in equal times.

Question 5

Kepler’s 3rd Law

Answer 5

Law of periods. The period of an orbit is proportional to the semi-major axis.

Question 6

Newton’s 1st Law

Answer 6

Object remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.

Question 7

Newton’s 2nd Law

Answer 7

F=ma
To get 2 objects of different mass to accelerate at the same time, it will require more force to move the object with more mass.

Question 8

Newton’s 3rd Law

Answer 8

For every action there is an equal and oppose reaction.

Question 9

Law of Universal Gravitation

Answer 9

Any two bodies attract one another with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Question 10

Newton’s Cannon

Answer 10

Thought experiment theorizing orbital motion. A cannon was place on top of a mountain, firing a cannonball with enough force will create an ellipse with perigee below the surface of earth (ICBM), If fired faster, the cannonball will avoid hitting earth and continue in a circular orbit. If fired even faster, the orbit will become an ellipse. If fired even faster, the cannonball will escape earth on a parabola. And finally, if fired faster, the cannonball will escape earth and travel to other planets on a hyperbola.