2.1 Early changes in agriculture 1949-1957 Flashcards
1
Q
What was the Chinese Communist Newspaper called?
A
Peoples Daily
2
Q
Why did agriculture matter to Mao so much?
A
- Increase CCP control
- Repay debts to the USSR
- Abolish private property and attack landlords
3
Q
Describe the Agrarian Reform Law
A
- June 1950
- Introduced land reform nationally, its aim was to place exploitative landlords with peasant land ownership
- “Land to the tiller”
4
Q
In the summer of 1952 _________ of households had taken part in land reform.
A
88%
5
Q
From 1950-52 agricultural output increased by….
A
15% per annum
6
Q
____ of the land had been redistributed to _____ of the population
A
- 43%
- 60%
7
Q
How many landlords were executed?
A
1-2 million
8
Q
What were Mutual Aid Teams (MATs), and when were they established?
A
- Est. 1952-53
- Voluntary teams in which peasants pooled resources such as tools and animals
- Involved 10 households or fewer, excluding the richest peasants
9
Q
By 1952, what percentage of households belonged to a MAT?
A
40%
10
Q
How was land reform carried out after 1949?
A
- Land was redistributed from landlords to peasants very quickly
- Landlords had been driven out and their land redistributed
11
Q
How successful was the change of land ownership?
A
- Poor management
- Only 6% of farmers were tenants and they were generally poorer than those who owned the land they farmed
12
Q
What happened to manny of the landlords?
A
- By the end of 1951, 10 million landlords had lost their land
- About 40% of the land had changed hands
- Landlords were publicly humiliated and accused of exploitation
- Many landlords were murdered
