21 drugs

Question 1

Grayanotoxins (mad honey)

GTX is the drug in grayanotoxins

Answer 1

GTX produce their effect by binding to the group II receptor site of voltage gated sodium channels of
excitable cell membranes of nerve, heart, and skeletal muscle (Pumlee, 2004). This binding causes a
change in configuration of the channels, thereby preventing sodium channel inactivation. This means that
the cell will remain depolarized and in an active state

GTA but instead of an A its an X

Question 2

Ibogaine

Answer 2

inhibiting hERG
potassium ions channels

I bo gained nothing cuz the potassium channels didnt open

Question 3

Isotretinoin (Accutane)

Answer 3

The metabolites of isotretinoin act on sebocytes by binding to retinoic
acid receptors (RARs and RXRs) as an agonist

Accutane is accurate so goes all the way to DNA RXR

Question 4

Ketamine

Answer 4

Ketamine is an antagonist of the NMDA receptor (non-competitive inhibition) with some direct and indirect action on
other receptors and intracellular pathways

Ketamine antagonist ketamine antagonist of NMDA 3 of 4 of the letters in

Question 5

Morphine

Answer 5

Morphine binds to the mu receptor of the CNS/PNS. Intracellular signal transduction reduces
cAMP levels, decreases Ca
2+
influx, activates K
+ efflux channels, causing cellular
hyperpolarization and decreases NT release, causing pain relief

Morphine binds to mu decreases cAMP and Ca and activates K

Question 6

Nicotine

Answer 6

Nicotine as a Ligand: Nicotine is a cholinergic agonist that binds to nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the nervous system. These
receptors typically consist of five subunits and function as ligand-gated ion channels. Acetylcholine, released from action potentials, is
the natural ligand for these receptors. When nicotine is consumed, it mimics acetylcholine, leading to depolarization.

Nicotine Neural Pathway: Nicotine binding to nicotinic cholinergic receptors on postsynaptic neurons in synapses generates a graded
potential that accumulates at the axon hillock. This accumulation triggers an action potential, leading to the influx of calcium ions at
the nerve end. This, in turn, results in the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, glutamate, and
endorphins.

Mimics acetylcholone and opens ligand-gated ion channels

Question 7

penicillin

Answer 7

Penicillin kills bacteria through binding of the beta-lactam ring to DD-transpeptidase

lakes have lots of bacterias

Question 8

Phencyclidine

Answer 8

PCP mainly works as a non-competitive antagonist towards NMDA receptors in the
brain. This means that when PCP binds, it inhibits the activity of the receptor, causing no
intrinsic response to occur. Since ions cannot pass through the receptor, the formation of an
action potential is inhibited, and signalling pathways in the hippocampus and neocortex are not
produced.

non competetive antagonist (PCP) - Phenil and Cycle and dine

Similar to ketamine, promethazine - both antagonist of NMDA

Question 9

Promethazine

Answer 9

is a an antagonist of histamine H1, post-synaptic mesolimbic dopamine, alpha adrenergic, muscarinic, and NMDA receptors

antagonist of many different receptors (H1, dopamine, a - adrneetic…

ironic cause its pro but its rly against alot of receptors

Question 10

Psilocybin

Answer 10

Psilocybin acts as an agonist or partial agonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A subtype
receptors and belongs to the serotonin receptor family

its a little psycho doesnt know what it wants to be agonist or partial agonist of 5-HT

Question 11

Quinine

Answer 11

PfPNP is the target

inin pfpnp: lots of sequences

Question 12

Ramipril

Answer 12

It binds ACE (Angiotensin
Converting Enzyme) and inhibits it.

air coniditoning T raipril has 2 i’s in it for inhibition

Question 13

Sarin

Answer 13

. Sarin disrupts the nervous system by
irreversibly inhibiting the enzyme AChE, causing a disproportionate increase of ACh in the body
as it can no longer be broken down. ACh will repeatedly stimulate nerve cell receptors, which
can lead to over-stimulation and buildup of the neurotransmitters in the body, causing muscular
paralysis and at worst, respiratory failure.

Sarin is like satin and irreversibly inhibates

Question 14

Thalidomide

Answer 14

Thalidomide binding to protein degradation regulator cereblon, causing more proteins to be degraded

Tall so causes more proteins to be degraded

Question 15

Testosterone

Answer 15

Testosterone and DHT bind to the intranuclear androgen receptor to form the androgen receptor complex, which interacts with specific gene-regulatory elements, modulating the expression of various genes. Androgen receptor affinity is higher for DHT than for testosterone.

nuclear receptor, makes sense similar to eostrogen in terms of chemical

Question 16

THC

Answer 16

THC is an exogenous cannabinoid which acts as a partial agonist for the G-protein coupled receptors CB1 and CB2 which
comprise the endocannabinoid system.

THC - G-coupled proteins.

Question 17

Adderal

Answer 17

Initiates reuptake of dopamine, seratonine and norepinephrine to stay in synaptic cleft

Question 18

Asprin

Answer 18

Inhibtion of COX enzyme

Question 19

Diphenhydramide

Answer 19

Binds to allosteric site of H1 receptor (histamine receptor)

its dying so it goes off to the side of the receptor

Question 20

Atrovastin

Answer 20

Competitivly inhibits HMG Coa reductase

ends with in so inhibits

H and M** co**mpanie symbol in an atrocious Green

Question 21

Adrenaline

Answer 21

acts on Post synaptic alpha-1 adrenic receptors

alpha one adrenic