2.1: Cell Metabolism 1

Question 1

How much energy is released by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond

Answer 1

-31 kJ/mole

Question 2

Polysaccharides are broken down to

Answer 2

Simple sugars

Question 3

Proteins are broken down into

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

Fats are broken down into

Answer 4

Glycerol

Question 5

What do catabolic pathways do

Answer 5

Break down food molecules to form ATP

Question 6

What do anabolic pathways do

Answer 6

Form molecules that form the cell which uses ATP

Question 7

3 main stages of cell metabolism

Answer 7

1) Glycolysis
2) TCA cycle
3) Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 8

In glycolysis

Answer 8

Oxidation of glucose within cytosol of cells generates ATP and NADH

Question 9

In the TCA cycle

Answer 9

Further oxidation of small molecules within mitochondria generates ATP, NADH, FADH2 and waste products

Question 10

In oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 10

ATP is generated within mitochondria by the reduction of oxygen to water

Question 11

How many ATP molecules are made from one glucose molecule

Answer 11

38

Question 12

What kind of reaction is an oxidation-reduction

Answer 12

Electrol transfer

Question 13

In a ligation reaction (requires ATP)

Answer 13

Covalent bonds are formed

Question 14

In an isomerization reaction

Answer 14

Atoms are rearranged to form isomers

Question 15

In a group transfer reaction

Answer 15

Functional groups are transferred from one molecule to another

Question 16

In a hydrolytic reaction

Answer 16

Bonds are cleaved by the addition of water

Question 17

In a group addition/removal reaction

Answer 17

Addition of groups to double bonds, or removal to form double bonds