2.1 Atomic Structure and Isotopes

Question 1

Definition of an isotope

Answer 1

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 2

What is the relative charge of a proton

Answer 2

+1

Question 3

What is the relative charge of a neutron

Answer 3

0

Question 4

What is the relative charge of a electron

Answer 4

-1

Question 5

What is the relative mass of a proton

Answer 5

1

Question 6

What is the relative mass of a neutron

Answer 6

1

Question 7

What is the relative mass of a electron

Answer 7

1/1836

Question 8

What is the overall charge of an atom

Answer 8

0

Question 9

What do neutrons do?

Answer 9

overcome the electrostatic repulsion of the protons in the nucleus. Act as glue, otherwise nucleus would fall apart

Question 10

When does an atom become radioactive

Answer 10

When there is not enough neutrons to overcome electrostatic repulsion, the nucleus is not stable and protons fall apart

Question 11

How do you calculate number of neutrons

Answer 11

mass number - atomic number

Question 12

What is the atomic number

Answer 12

proton number

Question 13

how do you work out the mass number of an element

Answer 13

number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 14

What is the relationship between isotopes and chemical reactions

Answer 14

-all isotopes of the same element have the same number of electrons. The number of neutrons have no effect on reactions of an element. Different isotopes of an element therefore react in the same way

Question 15

What is an ion

Answer 15

a charged atom

Question 16

What is a cation

Answer 16

positive ions, atom with fewer electrons than protons

Question 17

What is an anion

Answer 17

negative ion, atom with more electrons than protons