2.1 Animal and Plant Cells

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

The smallest units from which all organisms are made

Question 2

electron micrograph

Answer 2

an image made using an electron microscope

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

A very thin layer surrounding the cytoplasm of every cell: it controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 4

partially permeable

Answer 4

allows some molecules and ions to pass through,but not others

Question 5

cell wall

Answer 5

A tough layer outside the cell membrane found in the cells of plants, fungi and bacteria

Question 6

fully permeable

Answer 6

allows all molecules and ions to pass through it

Question 7

cytoplasm

Answer 7

The jelly-like material that fills a cell

Question 8

metabolic reactions

Answer 8

Chemical reactions that take place in living organisms

Question 9

vacuole

Answer 9

a fluid-filled space inside a cell, separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane

Question 10

cell sap

Answer 10

The fluid that fills the large vacuoles in plant cells

Question 11

vesicle

Answer 11

a very small vacuole

Question 12

nucleus

Answer 12

a structure containing DNA in the form of chromosomes

Question 13

chromosomes

Answer 13

A length of DNA found in the nucleus of a cell; it contains gentetic information in the form of many different genes.

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

a molecules that comntains gentectic information,in the form of genes,that controls the protiens that are made in the cell.

Question 15

Chloroplasts

Answer 15

small structures found inside some plant cells, inside which photosynthesis takes place

Question 16

starch grains

Answer 16

tiny pieces of starch, made of thousands of starch molecules,that are stored in some plant cells.

Question 17

mitochondrion

Answer 17

a small structure in a cell, where aerobic respiration releases energy from glucose

Question 18

aerobic respiration

Answer 18

chemical reactions that take place in mitochondria,which use oxygen to break down glucose and other nutrient molecules to release energy for the cell to use

Question 19

ribosomes

Answer 19

very small structures in a cell that use information on DNA to make protien molecules