2.1-2.4 vocabulary Flashcards
monosaccharides
single sugar units
disaccharides
two monosaccharides linked together
Amylose
The crystallizable form of starch, consisting of long, unbranched chains.
polysaccharides
many monosaccharides linked together
Polysaccharides
A carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.
Glycogen
A stored form of glucose made up of any connected glucose molecules, the body’s main source of energy.
Anabolism
The synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions.
triglycerides
made by combining three fatty acids with one glycerol. used as energy stores and heat insulators.
Catabolism
The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers.
Protein Confirmation
The protein’s 3D dimensional shape
Triglycerides
Formed by condensation from 3 fatty acids and one glycerol, main constituents of natural fats and oils.
Do carbon atoms form a branched or unbranched chain?
Carbon atoms form a unbranched chain.
Properties of Water
Cohesion, Adhesion, Thermal, and Solvent
Cohesion
the bonding together of two molecules of the same type
Adhesion
Bonds forming between water and other polar molecules
How many hydrogen atoms do carbon atoms bond to?
All other carbon atoms are bonded to two hydrogen atoms
Thermal properties
High specific heat capacity, high latent heat of vaporization, high boiling point
Globular proteins
Proteins where polypeptides gradually fold up as they are made,
to develop the final conformation (often includes parts that are helical or sheet-like)