20250405 Deck1

Question 1

What is VM?

Answer 1

A technology that allowed us to run multiple business applications on a single sever safely, but every VM needs its own dedicated OS
- Every OS consumes CPU, RAM, and other resources
- Every VM and OS needs patching
- Every VM and OS needs monitoring
- slow to boot and not very portable

Question 2

WSL 2?

Answer 2

WSL 2 stands for Windows Subsystem for Linux version 2.
It’s a feature in Windows that lets you run a full Linux environment directly inside Windows, without using a virtual machine or dual boot.
From Windows Terminal or CMD:
wsl
It drops you into a full Linux shell you can do:

apt update
ls
docker run hello-world

needs installation
it is a great platform for developing and testing Windows and Linux containers (almost all the containers are linux containers)

Question 3

What kernel do the containers use?

Answer 3

containers share the kernel of the host they’re running on
you can run Linux containers on Windows systems that have the WSL2 backend instaled

Question 4

Wasm

Answer 4

WebAssembly is a modern binary instruction that builds applications that are smaller, faster, more secure, and more portable than containers. You write your app in your favourite language, and compile it as Wasm binary that will run anywhere you have a Wasm runtime
- has many limitations and under development
- containers remain the dominant model for cloud native apps

Question 5

What specialised hardware is supported by docker currently for ML apps?

Answer 5

NVIDIA GPUs
in the future, we should expect Docker to support other GPUs, TPUs, NPUs, and even WebGPU

Question 6

Kubernetes?

Answer 6

Kubernetes is the industry standard platform for deploying and managing containerised apps
older versions of Kubernetes used Docker to start and stop containers. However, newer versions use containerd, which is stripped-down (reduced to essentials) version of Docker, optimised for Kubernetes and other platforms
all docker containers work on Kubernetes