2024 Mock Qs

Question 1

State what is meant by real time

Answer 1

• Real time OS provides a guaranteed response time

Question 2

Explain why a Real time OS would be suitable for Intensive Care Units

Answer 2

• Responses are immediate if something happens to a patient whereas other systems may have a delay in response.

Question 3

Explain why a First Come First Served scheduling method may not be efficient

Answer 3

• Once a job starts it stops other jobs from being processed
• A job using a slow resource wastes processor time like a printer

Question 4

Explain why scheduling is necessary

Answer 4

• Scheduling is necessary as it processes as many jobs as possible quickly in a fair manner with fast response times and makes most efficient use of the processor

Question 5

Describe what is meant by the term BIOS

Answer 5

• BIOS tests if hardware components are working and boots up the operating system

Question 6

Why is First Come First Served suitable

Answer 6

• Each job has the same processing time and is treated equally

Question 7

Describe one difference between paging and segmentation

Answer 7

• Paging splits up memory into 4k fixed sizes whereas segmentation splits up memory into sizes that vary
• Paging uses physical addressing but segmentation uses logical addressing

Question 8

Why would removing an external hard disk drive need to interrupt the FDE cycle

Answer 8

• The operating system will need to remove open files

Question 9

Describe how a stack is used when handling interrupts

Answer 9

• A stack uses FILO storage and the processed halted by the ISR are pushed on the stack

Question 10

Explain what is meant by the term device driver

Answer 10

• A program that controls a piece of hardware providing a user interface

Question 11

Why is a star network topology useful?

Answer 11

• Faster communication as the switch acts as a central point which all communications are passed
• If security is installed centrally it will be automatically installed in all other devices

Question 12

Define what is meant by a layer

Answer 12

• A layer routes packets of data back and forth between different networks

Question 13

Adv & Disadv of storing data in cloud

Answer 13

Adv:

• Cloud has more security as it’s updated frequently
• Accessible on any device as long as it’s connected to the internet

Disasv:

• Access to data depends on internet connection, serves down means no access
• Costly

Question 14

Describe two software based security methods companies can use to protect data

Answer 14

• A firewall can be used to filter packets coming in and out of the system and if a packet is suspicious it’s reported or rejected.
• An antivirus is used as it prevents viruses from capturing internal data which can be downloaded online

Question 15

HTML

Answer 15

To insert an image use:

<img src = “_______” >

To insert a link use:

< a href = “_____” > ____ </a>

To write an unordered list use:

<ul>
<li>”\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_”</li>
</ul>

To write an ordered list use:

<ol>
<li>”\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_”</li>
</ol>

Question 16

Explain what happens when a search engine indexes the page

Answer 16

• A program called a spider traverses the web following link and takes each word in the document adding an entry for the page and index alongside the word’s position on the page

Question 17

Describe the Rapid Application Development process

Answer 17

• A prototype is created and feedback is used to inform the next iteration where any changes are made

Question 18

CSS

Answer 18

Text {
Color:”__”;
Variable:”__”;
}

Question 19

Explain how linkers are used during the compilation process

Answer 19

• The main program is linked to libraries and can either include them in the final code or get executable code to point to external libraries

Question 20

Advantages of a LAN

Answer 20

• Files can be shared on a local network
• Files can be access by nearby devices
• Files can be printed to shared printers

Question 21

Advantages of a WAN

Answer 21

• Centralised security point
• Users can share resources
• Covers a large geographical area increasing communication over large distances

Question 22

Explain the differences between a flat file and relational database

Answer 22

• A flat file may have redundant data and is harder to update but a relational database has more security and linked tables

Question 23

Describe what is meant by a utility

Answer 23

• A utility performs a specific task for example a virus checker

Question 24

Waterfall lifecycle

Answer 24

• A linear development model where one phase ends and the next begins
• Cannot revisit old stages
• Not suited for projects that require change
• User involvement is limited and is used for low risk projects

Question 25

Agile Methodologies

Answer 25

• A collection of methodologies which increases development and is adaptive to user changes
• Different stages are developed constantly
• A prototype is delivered with improvements
• Used for small to medium projects

Question 26

Spiral model

Answer 26

Manages high risk projects effectively through:

• Analysing system needs
• Identifying and preventing risks
• Development and testing
• Guiding the next iteration
• Allowed to change needs through risk analysis
• Expensive & lack of focus on code

Question 27

Rapid Application Development

Answer 27

• This methodology uses partially functioning prototypes
• User requirements are gathered in a focus group to deliver an incomplete version given to the user as a trial
• Allows changing user requirements
• Cheap and small to medium projects

Question 28

1) Explain what is meant by a character set on a computer

2) Explain how codes are used to represent a character set

Answer 28

1) The symbols on a keyboard can be understood by the computer

2) Each symbol has a number which is unique e.g ASCII code