2021 Boards Review Flashcards
What are names and dosages of 2 oral sedatives?
Appointments of 2 hours or less
- triazolam-“Halcion” 0.125-0.25mg
Appointments longer than 2 hours
- triazolam 0.25mg
-diazepam-“Valium” 10-15mg (2-10mg)
-temazepam 15mg
-oxazepam 10-15mg
Appointments longer than 3 hours
-lorazepam-“Ativan” 0.5-1.0mg. (1-4mg)
-alprazolam-“Xanax” 0.25 (0.25-0.50)
A patient having oral sedation with Midazolam. They go into deep sleep, and O2 saturation drops to 80%. How do you manage it?
-Check ABCD
-Increase O2
- Use Fumazanil to reverse (0.2mg/ml); usually needs 0.6-1mg (up to 3mg)
Conditions contraindicated in IV sedation
- Severe sleep apnea
- COPD
- Pregnancy -early
- Severe obesity
- Micrognathia
- Tonsillary hypertrophy,
- Severe cerebral palsy
How do you document lesions?
1.Location
2.Distribution and definition - single, localized, well circumscribed
Size- in millimeters (length and width)
Shape: eg. round, macule, vesicle, pustule, papule, nodule, plaque, sessile, pedunculated, ulcers or erosions
Colour- single colour or mixed, homogenous, non homogenous, speckled
Consistency: soft, hard, fluctuant
Outline: discrete vs diffuse
Texture: smooth, rough (papillary, corrugated, fissured, crusted), flat, raised, granular, verrucous, ulcerated, indurated
History: when?, pain? Lesions before?,trauma? Medical changes/hx?
Desquamative gingivitis differentials
- Lichen planus
- Morsicatio buccarum
- Erythroplakia
- Erythroleukoplakia
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- Mucous membrane pemphigoid
Left sinus cloudy, lateral bony wall collapsed, gap in continuity of bone. List 3 sinus pathologies. How to proceed and implant plan
- Chronic sinusitis
- Mucocele
- Sinus Osteomylitis
ENT and OMFS consult
Delay implant placement
Peri implanitis Treatment
Non surgical
-assess modfiable risk factors: smoking, diabetes etc.
-assess prosthesis
- OHI
- SRP (curettes, US)
-Air abrasion
- Local antimicrobials
Surgical
- OHI
-SRP
-OFD
- Ti brush
-Regenerative/Resection based on defect type
Rivaroxaban mechanism of action
inhibits both free and clot-bound Factor Xa, as well as prothrombinase activity, thereby prolonging clotting times
Indications for antibiotics?
- NPD
- Aggressive periodonttis
- Periodontal abscess with systemic involvement
- IE
Name neutrophil function
- Phagocytosis
- Chemotaxis
- Regulation of immune system
- Releases antimicrobial chemicals
What antibiotics are contraindicated with Warfarin?
Metronidazole
Tetracycline
Macrolides
Sulfonamide
**antifungal- Flucanozole
Is there a difference in microbiota in implants with platform switching?
Overall, while platform switching may influence the peri-implant microbiota by altering the local environment and host responses, more specific and controlled studies are needed to conclusively determine the nature and significance of these microbial changes.
Smoking and periodontitis
Impaired Blood Flow: Smoking causes vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow to the gingival tissues. This reduced blood flow impairs the delivery of nutrients and removal of waste products, compromising the health and healing capacity of the gum tissues.
Immune System Suppression: Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarettes can suppress the immune system, reducing the body’s ability to fight off infection, including infections caused by periodontal pathogens.
Increased Plaque and Tartar Formation: Smokers tend to have more plaque and tartar than non-smokers. The components of tobacco smoke can provide a more conducive environment for the growth of bacteria that cause gum disease.
Delayed Healing: The healing response in smokers is compromised, which is particularly problematic following dental procedures like tooth extraction, periodontal surgery, or implant placement. This delayed healing increases the risk of infection and other complications.
Increased Risk and Severity of Periodontitis: Smoking is a major risk factor for the development and progression of periodontitis. Smokers are more likely to develop more severe forms of periodontal disease at a younger age compared to non-smokers.
Alteration of the Oral Microbiota: Smoking can alter the oral microbiome, increasing the proportion of pathogenic bacteria associated with periodontal disease.
Recurrence of Disease: Even after treatment for periodontal disease, smokers are more likely to experience recurrence or deterioration of their periodontal condition compared to non-smokers.
What percentage of alveolar horizontal bone loss can you expect at 12month? When does 2/3 occur?
50% bone loss occurs in the first year after extraction with 2/3 occurring in the first 3 months
