2020 Scrum Guide Flashcards
1
Q
Who orders the work for a complex problem into a Product Backlog?
A
Product Owner
2
Q
Who turns a selection of the work into an increment of value during a Sprint?
A
Scrum Team
3
Q
What do the Scrum Team and its stakeholders do during the sprint?
A
Inspect the results and adjust for the next sprint.
4
Q
Scrum is founded on…
A
empiricism and lean thinking
5
Q
What asserts that knowledge comes from
experience and making decisions based on what is observed?
A
Empiricism
6
Q
What is the benefit of lean thinking?
A
It reduces waste and focuses on the essentials
7
Q
Scrum approach is…
A
Iterative and incremental
8
Q
What does scrum optimize and control?
A
Predictability and risk
9
Q
Scrum pillars (3)
A
Transparency
Inspection
Adaptation
10
Q
Purpose of transparency in scrum…
A
Process and work must be visible to scrum team and stakeholders
11
Q
What is the consequence of artifacts with low transparency?
A
Lead to decisions that diminish value and increase risk.
12
Q
Transparency enables…
A
Inspection
13
Q
Inspection without transparency is…
A
Misleading and wasteful
14
Q
Scrums five events provide…
A
Inspection and Cadence
15
Q
Why should inspections be frequent?
A
To detect potential problems.
16
Q
Inspection without adaptation is…
A
Pointless
17
Q
What is designed to provoke change?
A
Scrum events
18
Q
What should a scrum team do when it learns anything new through inspection?
A
Adapt
19
Q
Scrum values (5)
A
Commitment Focus Openness Respect Courage
20
Q
What is the commitment of the scrum team?
A
Achieving its goals
Supporting each other
21
Q
Who makes up a scrum team?
A
1 Scrum master
1 Product Owner
Developers
22
Q
What is scrum team focused on?
A
The Product Goal
23
Q
What does “cross-functional” mean in Scrum?
A
Team has all the skills necessary to create value in a sprint.
24
Q
How are scrum teams managed?
A
They are self-managed.
25
How many people are in a scrum team?
10 or fewer
26
What is the benefit of smaller teams?
Communicate better and are more productive.
27
What do multiple Scrum Teams focused on the same product share? (3)
Product goal
Product backlog
Product owner
28
Who is responsible for all product related activities?
Scrum team
29
Who is responsible for creating a valuable, useful increment?
Scrum team
30
What are developers committed to?
Creating any aspect of a useable increment
31
Who creates the sprint backlog?
Developers
32
What does the Definition of Done do?
Instills quality
33
Who adapts the plan every day?
Developers
34
Who is responsible for holding developers accountable?
Developers
35
Who crafts the sprint goal?
Scrum team (not just developers)
36
Who is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the scrum team?
Product owner
37
Who is accountable for developing and communicating the product goal?
Product Owner
38
Who creates and communicates Product Backlog items?
Product owner
39
The _____ is accountable for ordering the product backlog items.
Product Owner
40
Who is accountable for ensuring that the product backlog is transparent, visible, and understood?
Product owner
41
Who is accountable when product backlog management is delegated?
The Product Owner
42
In what ways does the product owner provide visibility to their decisions?
Content and ordering of the Product Backlog
Inspecting the increment during sprint review
43
Who can authorize changes to the product backlog?
The Product Owner
44
How many product owners can a scrum team have?
One. (It's not a committee)
45
What is the scrum master accountable for?
Establishing scrum as defined in the scrum guide.
46
Who is responsible for helping everyone understand scrum theory and practice?
Scrum master
47
Who is accountable for the teams effectiveness?
Scrum master
48
Who does the scrum master serve?
Scrum team and the organization
49
Who is responsible for coaching the team members in self-management?
Scrum master
50
Who helps the scrum team focus on creating high value increments that meet the Definition of Done?
Scrum master
51
Who removes impediments to the scrum teams progress?
Scrum master
52
Who ensures that all scrum events take place?
Scrum master
53
How does the scrum master serve the scrum team? (4)
Coaching the team
Helping the team focus on value and meeting the Definition of Done
Removing impediments
Ensuring events are positive, productive, and timeboxed
54
Who helps the Product owner with finding techniques for effective Product Goal definition?
Scrum master
55
Who helps find techniques for effective product backlog management and product goal definition?
Scrum Master
56
Who helps the Scrum Team understand the need for clear and concise product backlog items?
Scrum Master
57
Who helps establish empirical product planning?
Scrum Master
58
Who helps facilitate stakeholder collaboration as requested or needed?
Scrum master
59
Who leads, trains, coaches and helps prepare the organization for Scrum adoption?
Scrum master
60
Who helps employees and stakeholders understand and enact an empirical approach for complex work?
Scrum master
61
Who removes barriers between stakeholders and scrum teams?
Scrum master
62
The sprint is a container for what?
All other scrum events
63
What does each scrum event offer?
Opportunity to inspect and adapt
64
What is the disadvantage of not running scrum events as prescribed?
Lost opportunities to inspect and adapt.
65
What is a benefit of scrum events?
Less meetings not defined in scrum
66
When are scrum events held?
At the same time and place
67
Why are scrum events held at the same time and place?
To reduce complexity
68
How long are sprints?
One month or less
69
Why are sprints a fixed length?
To create consistency
70
When does a new sprint start?
At the conclusion of the previous sprint.
71
What work takes place outside of sprints?
None. All work necessary to achieve the product goal happen within sprints.
72
Which changes can endanger the sprint goal?
None. No changes are made that would endanger the sprint goal.
73
Can quality decrease during a sprint if necessary?
No
74
When is the product backlog refined?
During the sprint, as needed.
75
Who is scope negotiated with?
The product owner
76
When is scope renegotiated?
As needed
77
Why is scope clarified or renegotiated?
Something is learned
78
Sprints enable ______ by ensuring ________ and ______ of progress toward the product goal.
Predictability, inspection, adaptation
79
What is the risk of a sprint being too long?
Sprint goal may become invalid.
Complexity may rise
Risk may increase
80
What can a sprint be considered?
A short project
81
What is the benefit of shorter sprints?
More learning, limiting risk
82
What is used for forward looking decision making?
Empiricism. (What has already happened)
83
Burn down chart
Shows work remaining in the backlog
84
What is shown on horizontal and vertical axis of a burn down chart?
Horizontal: Work remaining
Vertical: Time
85
What values are used for amount of work in a burn down chart?
Story points
| Task hours
86
Burn-up chart
Shows amount of completed work.
87
What is shown on horizontal and vertical axis on a Burn-up chart?
Horizontal: Time
Vertical: Work completed
88
What is more important than charts?
Empiricism
89
Who is the only person that has the authority to cancel a sprint?
Product Owner
90
For what reasons can a sprint be cancelled?
Sprint goal becomes obsolete.
91
What event initiates the sprint?
Sprint planning
92
The sprint plan is the work of...
The entire scrum team
93
Who is invited to the sprint planning ceremony?
Scrum team and others
94
What is discussed at the sprint planning event?
The most important product backlog items and how they map to the Product Goal.
95
What three questions does sprint planning address?
Why is the sprint valuable?
What can be done this sprint?
How will the chosen work get done?
96
In which event is this question asked?
Why is the sprint valuable?
Sprint planning
97
In which event is this question asked?
What can be done this sprint?
Sprint planning
98
In which event is this question asked?
How will the chosen work get done?
Sprint planning
99
Who defines the sprint goal in sprint planning?
Scrum team
100
What does the Product Owner propose during sprint planning?
How the product could increase its value during the sprint.
101
When must the sprint goal be finalized?
During sprint planning
102
Who selects items from the sprint backlog to include in the current sprint?
Developers
103
What do developers need to know to increase their confidence in their sprint forecasts? (3 items)
What they know about their past performance.
Their upcoming capacity
Their Definition of Done
104
What can be challenging for developers during sprint planning?
Knowing how much can be completed.
105
What do Developers do for each backlog item during sprint planning?
Plan the work necessary to create an increment that meets the Definition of Done
Decompose them
106
Who tells developers how to turn backlog items into increments of value?
No one
107
How much time do decomposed backlog items typically take to complete?
One day or less
108
What is contained in the sprint backlog?
Sprint goal
Selected Product backlog items
Plan for delivering them
109
What is the timebox for sprint planning?
Maximum of 8 hours for a one month sprint. Usually shorter for shorter sprints.
110
What is the purpose of the Daily Scrum?
Inspect progress toward the sprint goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary
111
Daily scrum timebox
15 minutes
112
Who participates in the daily scrum?
Developers
| if the product owner or scrum master are actively working on Product Backlog items, they participate as Developers
113
Why is the daily scrum held at the same time and place every working day?
To reduce complexity
114
What is the focus of the daily scrum?
Progress toward the sprint goal and an actionable plan for the next day of work
115
What does the Daily Scrum do for the team?
Creates focus and improves self-management
116
What are the benefits of Daily Scrums? (4)
Improve communication
Identify impediments
Promote quick decision-making
Eliminate the need for other meetings
117
Is the Daily Scrum the only time Developers are allowed to adjust their plan?
No
118
When do developers have detailed discussions about adapting or replanning the rest of the sprints work?
At meetings throughout the day.
119
What is the purpose of the sprint review?
Inspect the outcome of the sprint and determine future adaptations
120
Who participates in the sprint review?
Scrum team
| Key stakeholders
121
What is presented at the sprint review?
Results of the scrum teams work
| Progress toward the Product Goal
122
Who presents at the sprint review?
Scrum team
123
What is reviewed at the sprint review?
Accomplishments in the sprint
| What changed in the environment
124
What do sprint review attendees collaborate on?
What to do next
125
How long is the sprint review?
Maximum 4 hours for a one month sprint. Usually shorter for shorter sprints.
126
What can be adjusted during a sprint review?
The product backlog
127
What is a stakeholder?
Person external to the scrum team with a specific interest in and knowledge of a product.
128
When is a stakeholder actively engaged?
During sprint review
129
Purpose of sprint retrospective
To plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness
130
Who participates in the sprint retrospective?
Scrum team
131
What does the scrum team inspect during the sprint retrospective?
How the last sprint went.
132
What elements does the sprint retrospective inspect?
```
Individuals
Interactions
Processes
Tools
Definition of Done
```
133
How are assumptions handled in the Sprint Retrospective?
They are identified and explored.
134
Which sprint event covers what went well, what problems were encountered, and how those problems were /weren't solved?
Sprint retrospective
135
Which event concludes the sprint?
Sprint retrospective
136
When are improvements to the scrum team addressed?
ASAP for the most impactful improvements
137
Is it required that an improvement identified in the Sprint retrospective is included in the next sprint backlog?
Optional, as of the 2020 Scrum Guide.
138
Timebox for sprint retrospective.
3 hours for a one month sprint. Usually shorter for shorter sprints.
139
What is the purpose of scrum artifacts?
Maximize transparency
140
What do scrum artifacts represent?
Work or value
141
What contains a commitment that ensures it provides information that enhances transparency an focus against which progress can be measured?
Scrum artifacts
142
What is the commitment of the Product Backlog?
Product Goal
143
What is the commitment of the Sprint Backlog?
Sprint Goal
144
What is the commitment of the increment?
Definition of Done
145
What are the three Scrum Commitments?
Product Goal
Sprint Goal
Definition of Done
146
Why do scrum commitments exist?
To reinforce empiricism and the scrum values?
147
Who are the scrum commitments for?
Scrum team
| Stakeholders
148
What is the Product Backlog?
An ordered list
149
What are the product backlogs items?
List of what is needed to improve the product?
150
What is the single source of work undertaken by the scrum team?
Product Backlog
151
What is ready for selection in a Spring Planning event?
Product Backlog items that can be done within one sprint
152
How do product backlog items acquire the degree of transparency required to be selected in Sprint Planning?
Refining activities
153
What is Product Backlog refinement?
Breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller, more precise items.
154
What is an ongoing activity to add details?
Product Backlog Refinement
155
What kind of details are added during Product Backlog Refinement?
Description
Order
Size
(But may vary with the domain of work)
156
Who is responsible for product backlog item sizing?
Developers
157
Who helps with understanding and selecting trade-offs in product backlog sizing?
Product Owner
158
What does the product goal describe?
Future state of the product which serves as a target for the Scrum Team.
159
Where does the Product goal reside?
In the Product Backlog
160
What is a product?
A vehicle to deliver value?
161
What does a product have?
A clear boundary
Known stakeholders
Well-defined users or customers
162
The Product Goal is _______ for the Scrum Team.
the long-term objective
163
How many product goals can a team focus on?
One at a time
164
What does the Sprint backlog contain? (3)
Sprint goal
Selected Product backlog items
Actionable plan
165
Who creates the sprint backlog?
Developers
166
What is the sprint backlog?
Picture of work that developers plan to accomplish during the sprint
167
When is the sprint backlog updated?
Throughout the sprint as things are learned.
168
What is the level of detail for the sprint backlog?
Enough that developers can inspect their progress during the Daily Scrum
169
When do developers inspect their progress against the Sprint Backlog?
During the Daily Scrum
170
What is the Sprint Goal?
The single objective for the sprint.
171
What does the sprint goal create?
Coherence and focus
172
When is the Sprint Goal created?
Sprint Planning
173
Who do developers negotiate with if work during the sprint is different than expected?
Product Owner
174
What shouldn't change if work during the sprint is different than expected?
Sprint Goal
175
What can change during a sprint if work is different than expected?
Sprint Backlog scope
176
What is concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal?
An Increment
177
What should happen to each increment?
It should be thoroughly verified, ensuring all increments work together.
178
What must an increment be?
Usable
179
How many increments may be created during the sprint?
Multiple
180
What does the presentation of the increments at Sprint Review support?
Empiricism
181
When may an increment be delivered?
At any time during the sprint
182
What is required for an increment to be released?
It must meet the Definition of Done
183
What is it called when an increment meets the quality measures required for a product?
Meeting the Definition of Done
184
When is an Increment born?
The moment a Product Backlog item meets the Definition of Done.
185
What does the Definition of Done create?
Transparency
186
Can a product backlog item that doesn't meet the Definition of Done be presented at Sprint review?
No
187
What happens to a Product Backlog item that doesn't meet the Definition of Done?
It returns to the Product Backlog
188
Who creates the Definition of Done?
The Organization. If not the Organization, the Scrum Team per product.
189
Can multiple scrum teams working on the same product have multiple Definitions of Done?
No. They must mutually define and comply with a single Definition of Done
190
Developers are required to conform to....
The Definition of Done
