2018 exam

Question 1

T or F, Research has proved that skipping breakfast is one of the best slimming methods.

Answer 1

False,  people who eat breakfast are slimmer because they tend to eat less during the day.

Question 2

T or F, A CV should have enough information to occupy a potential employer for at least twenty minutes.

Answer 2

False,  a CV should be complete, yet brief and concise and should not occupy the reader for more than ten minutes.

Question 3

T or F, In South Africa, jail time might be a possible consequence when committing active euthanasia.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Girls under the age of sixteen may have an abortion without their parents’ consent.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T or F, Physical activities is an excellent tool for stress relief.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

six steps to follow to make the decision-making process easier

Answer 6

Identify the goal   
Gather information   
Consider alternatives   
Consider consequences   
Make the decision   
Evaluate the decision

Question 7

Which part of the human anatomy is called the calf

Answer 7

rear, lower leg

Question 8

Explain what malnutrition is

Answer 8

Malnutrition happens when there is an inadequate intake of food,  leading to an imbalance of nutrients  necessary for a healthy body.

Question 9

TWO socio-economic factors that could be a reason for malnutrition.

Answer 9

Socio-economic reasons for malnutrition are poverty due to unemployment,  and neglect  because of alcohol and drugs.

Question 10

Briefly explain what the eating disorder bulimia is about

Answer 10

A bulimic has repeated episodes of binge eating  followed by compulsive behaviour such as forced vomiting or the use of laxatives to remove the food.

Question 11

THREE possible physical changes in the mouth of a bulimic

Answer 11

The tooth enamel erodes and cavities may appear,  or gum disease can occur,  and teeth become sensitive to hot and cold food.

Question 12

Which important nutrient is necessary for healthy teeth and bone structure? Name ONE food source containing this nutrient.

Answer 12

Calcium;  dairy products such as milk, cheese, yogurt

Question 13

Name all the muscles in the body which will be used during a hiking trip.

Answer 13

Body muscles used during a hiking trip: Quadriceps,  hamstrings,  calves,  glutes, abdominal muscles,  hip muscles

Question 14

Which function do the gluteus muscles perform for the human body?

Answer 14

The function of the gluteus muscles is to support the torso while all types of physical activities are being performed.

Question 15

How are the gluteus muscles used during a hiking trip?

Answer 15

During a hiking trip, the gluteus muscles are used to support both the bodyweight and the weight of the backpack.

Question 16

Name ONE exercise which would be the best to prepare the gluteus muscles for a hiking trip. Give a motivation for your choice of exercise.

Answer 16

Walk or jog uphill / walk or jog on the treadmill with an incline  because hiking uphill makes the gluteus muscles work harder.

Question 17

Explain FOUR eco-friendly tips for hikers on a hiking expedition.

Answer 17

Bury waste (from food) in the ground to rot in the soil.  • Put rubbish such as plastic bottles and cans in a strong plastic bag to protect it from falling out in the field.  • Hang the plastic bag in a tree or throw it into the trash can in the main camp to protect the animals from harming themselves.  • If soap is used for dishes or hand washing, make sure that it does not flow into streams.

Question 18

Briefly describe the features of an introvert

Answer 18

An introvert is someone who tends to be preoccupied with their own thoughts and feelings,  and who does not easily show spontaneity.  The introvert finds energy from within themselves and does not need much outside stimulation. 

Question 19

Discuss FOUR differences between introverts and extroverts in the way they communicate.

Answer 19

• An introvert thinks thoroughly before speaking,  while an extrovert speaks loudly while thinking about things.  • Introverts will only talk about themselves to someone whom they know and trust,  while extroverts will talk freely about themselves to anybody who cares to listen.  • An introvert prefers to communicate in writing/email, etc.,  while an extrovert will rather communicate in person or over the phone.  • An introvert prefers one-on-one communication,  while an extrovert has no problem speaking to groups/in meetings.

Question 20

Explain why an extrovert would be a good choice for a team leader.

Answer 20

because he/she likes to talk to people/groups  and a team leader must be able to communicate properly with his/her
team  for the following reasons: • A team leader must be able to inspire and encourage the team.  • A team leader must be able to communicate goals and responsibilities to the team. 

Question 21

Explain the core principles environmental wellness is based on.

Answer 21

The most important principle is respect for nature and for all species living in it.  Be aware of the environment around you and ensure that your daily habits do not harm the environment  but rather contribute to improve it. 

Question 22

Turn it off and close it. Briefly discuss, by using examples, how the statement in bold will contribute towards environmental wellness

Answer 22

Turn it off • Do not waste electricity because it will lead to a greater demand for electricity, causing more air pollution.  There will need to be mined deeper for coal, which is harming the environment closest to the mine,  and more lorries will be needed to transport it, causing harm to the environment due to emissions.  • Examples: Switch off the lights when no one is in the room; switch off the TV and radio when no one is watching or listening. 

Close it • Do not waste water / use water sparingly to sustain the environment  so that the existence all life (plants, animals and humans) will be guaranteed. • Examples: Close the tap while brushing teeth; repair dripping taps; shower instead of bathing. • Take care of the existing water resources by not polluting it.  • Examples: Do not litter so that waste does not end up in rivers, dams and lakes; do not pour used oil and chemicals down drains.

Question 23

Justify why receiving junk mail electronically may assist in keeping the environment clean.

Answer 23

Junk mail is distributed daily to passers-by or it is being posted into mailboxes. These usually do not end up in trash cans but rather as litter defacing the environment. The environment is continuously being polluted more and more. By receiving junk mail electronically, pollution is reversed.  Less paper is needed, which saves trees that produce valuable oxygen,  and less paper being produced means less air pollution.

Question 24

FIVE ethical values a good employee should follow

Answer 24

Trustworthiness,  respect,  responsibility,  fairness,  kindness/caring,  citizenship

Question 25

Explain why the job description in an advertisement for a vacant position must first be analysed properly before applying for the job.

Answer 25

Make sure your skills and abilities correlate with what the company requires,  because you will then be able to respond to questions during the interview with confidence  since you know you have the characteristics to be successful in the job.

Question 26

Discuss the positive implication of researching a company before applying for a job.

Answer 26

If you know the goal and ethical code of the company and know what is expected of an employee, you will know if these match your personality and value system  and if you might be happy and have a future in the company.  All of these aspects will help you to decide if it is worth the effort to apply for the job.

Question 27

Explain the purpose of job shadowing.

Answer 27

The purpose of job shadowing is to have the opportunity to experience a possible career  and to observe professionals in that career  while other career options are also being considered. 