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exotics > 2018 > Flashcards

2018 Flashcards

1
Q

Symmetric alopecia appears on a 3 years old female guinea pig. What is your possible diagnosis?

A. Hyperthyreosis
B. Ovarian cysts
C. Zn-deficiency
D. Castratio-responsive alopecia

A

B. Ovarian cysts

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2
Q

A rodent patient has pruritic dermatitis, and the skin scraping is negative. Which is the best idea to do?

A. B-lactam antibiotics + glucocorticoids
B. Anti-parasitic treatment
C. Washing with anti-fungal shampoo 2-3 times a day
D. Intracutan allergy test

A

B. Anti-parasitic treatment

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3
Q

Which is the most common cause of fur chewing in chinchillas?

A. Bad husbandry, small cage
B. Vitamin and mineral deficiency
C. Disturbing the mother and the litter
D. Low fiber diet

A

D. Low fiber diet

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4
Q

Which species does not have marking glands?

A. Syrian golden hamster
B. Roborowsky dwarf hamster
C. Mongolian gerbil
D. Degu

A

D. Degu

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5
Q

What is the etiology of malocclusion in rodents?

A. Genetic predisposition
B. Iatrogenous harm
C. Malnutrition
D. All three is possible

A

D. All three is possible

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6
Q

What is typical of mucoid enteritis?

A. Disease of old rabbits caused by E. coli

B. Yeast owergrowth in the intestines of weaning rabbits

C. Mucous-like faeces in chinchillas caused by Clostridium spp.

D. Disease of young rabbits with an unknown origin, with pH changes in the caecum

A

D. Disease of young rabbits with an unknown origin, with pH changes in the caecum

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7
Q

What is the antibiotic that can be used orally in rodents?

A. Sulfometoxazol
B. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
C. Clindamycin
D. None of them

A

A. Sulfometoxazol

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8
Q

What is not the etiology of CRD in rats?

A. Mycoplasma pulmonis infection
B. Latent virus infections
C. High ammonia level in the air
D. Traumatic injury

A

D. Traumatic injury

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9
Q

What is typical of hypercalcuria in rabbits?

A. Physiological under 2 months
B. Needs surgical treatment
C. The urinary bladder is full of crystal-sludge
D. Can be treated by lowering the pH of the urine

A

C. The urinary bladder is full of crystal-sludge

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10
Q

Which is true for ovarian cysts in guinea pigs?

A. You need an US-examination for the diagnosis
B. It can be palpated during routine physical examination
C. You need to prove your diagnosis by needle aspiration
D. You need to prove your diagnosis by measuring progesterone levels

A

B. It can be palpated during routine physical examination

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11
Q

Which is true for the reproduction of guinea pigs?

A. It is recommended to breed them in an intensive-way
B. High calcium levels in the diet
C. Males must be kept separately after parturition
D. Males are also taking care of the youths

A

C. Males must be kept separately after parturition

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12
Q

Which is true for pregnancy toxicosis in rodents?

A. Low calcium diet plays a big role in the etiology
B. It is not possible to prevent the disease
C. IV. glucose, and hepato-protectans are effective treatments
D. Usually poor prognosis in spite of the treatment

A

D. Usually poor prognosis in spite of the treatment

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13
Q

You diagnose a swelling of the mammary gland on a 2 years old rat. What to do next?

A. Give Enrofloxacin, because bacterial mastitis is common
B. Cytology, surgical removal, based on cytology results
C. Glucocorticoid treatment
D. Observing the size, control examination once a year

A

B. Cytology, surgical removal, based on cytology results

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14
Q

How can a rabbit get infected with Encephalitozoonosis?

A. The infectious form spreads with the urine
B. It is an arthropod-born disease
C. The infectious form spreads with the faeces
D. Only by eating the meat of an infected individual

A

A. The infectious form spreads with the urine

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15
Q

When was the ferret domesticated?

A. More than 2000 years ago
B. Approximately 1000 years ago
C. Approximately 500 years ago
D. Approximately 100 years ago

A

A. More than 2000 years ago

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16
Q

When can you neuter a female ferret?

A. Only if she is older than 9 months
B. Only after the first oestrus
C. Only during the first oestrus
D. At any time, when she is full-grown

A

B. Only after the first oestrus

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17
Q

What is overproduced in Ferret Adrenal Gland Disease Complex?

A. Sexual steroid
B. Mineralocorticoid
C. Glucocorticoid
D. Adrenalin

A

A. Sexual steroid

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18
Q

Which is false about the GnRH analogues used for treatment of Ferret Adrenal Gland Disease Complex?

A. In small dose they stimulate the secretion of LH and FSH

B. In high dose they reduce the amount of the GnRH receptors

C. When injected or implanted, they reduce the secretion of the LH and FSH

D. They directly affect the melatonin secretion

A

D. They directly affect the melatonin secretion

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19
Q

What drug is used for medical treatment of insulinoma?

A. Diazoxid
B. Deslorelin
C. Dehidropiandrosteron
D. Suprelorin

A

A. Diazoxid

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20
Q

Which is false about the ferret’s gastrointestinal tract?

A. Cannot use carbohydrates efficiently
B. Cannot digest fiber
C. Minimal gut flora
D. Meat only food is the best for ferrets

A

C. Minimal gut flora

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21
Q

A 9 moths old, non-neutered female ferret has alopecia, but her skin is intact. Which causes is the most likely?

A. Insulinoma
B. Ovarian-remnant syndrome
C. Adrenal Gland Disease Complex
D. Prolonged oestrous

A

D. Prolonged oestrous

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22
Q

A spayed female ferret has vulvar swelling, alopecia (intact skin) four years after the neutering. Which cause is the most likely?

A. Insulinoma
B. Ovarian-remnant syndrome
C. Adrenal Gland Disease Complex
D. Prolonged oestrous

A

C. Adrenal Gland Disease Complex

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23
Q

Prolonged oestrus in ferrets…

A. …will disappear when the heat ends

B. …will lead to parthenogenesis

C. …can cause the death of the animal, because of the suppression of the bone-marrow function

D. …can cause the death of the animal, because it induces adrenal gland tumour

A

C. …can cause the death of the animal, because of the suppression of the bone-marrow function

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24
Q

Which is true for the ovary of birds?

A. Only exists on the left side
B. Only exists on the right side
C. Both sides are the same
D. Ovulation only to the left oviduct from both ovaries

A

A. Only exists on the left side

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25
Q

Which is false for the nutrition of parrots?

A. Based on sunflower-seeds causes nutritional imbalances

B. Pulses and tropical fruits can be added to the food

C. The nutrition based on commercial pellets can cause addiction and nutritional imbalances

D. Feeding seeds with high fat content can cause hepatic disease

A

C. The nutrition based on commercial pellets can cause addiction and nutritional imbalances

26
Q

Which one you must not miss, while examining a bird?

A. Body temperature
B. Palpation of the pulse
C. Breathing rate
D. Observing the uropygeal gland

A

C. Breathing rate

27
Q

Which is true for polyuria in birds?

A. Excreting much yellowish urine allows easy diagnosis

B. It is easy to differentiate from diarrhoea, because birds do not excrete urine

C. It can only be differentiated from diarrhoea with lab work

D. It is difficult to differentiate from diarrhoea, because birds do not excrete urine

A

A. Excreting much yellowish urine allows easy diagnosis

28
Q

Spaying of the legs appears in a juvenile African grey parrot. What to do next?

A. Careful neurologic examination, vaccination of all birds against Marek-disease

B. Measuring uric-acid level, ultrasonography of the kidneys

C. X-ray to exclude rachitis

D. Biotin supplementation

A

C. X-ray to exclude rachitis

29
Q

You take a swab-sample from the crop for Trichomonas examination. What do you do with the sample?

A. Put it in transport medium and put it in the fridge
B. Put it in transport medium, and keep it on room temperature
C. Make a smear sample and fixate it
D. Examine a native smear directly

A

D. Examine a native smear directly

30
Q

What is/are the best sites of venepuncture in birds?

A. Vena caudalis tibialis and vena cephalica
B. Sinus venous occipitalis
C. Vena jugularis and vena cutanea ulnaris
D. Vena medialis metatarsalis

A

C. Vena jugularis and vena cutanea ulnaris

31
Q

How is the erythrocyte morphology in birds?

A. Oval cells, dark nucleus, homologous abundant cytoplasm

B. Round cells, without nucleus, homologous abundant cytoplasm

C. Square cells, oval nucleus, and small amount of homologous cytoplasm

D. Huge, amoeboid cells, small amount of homologous cytoplasm

A

A. Oval cells, dark nucleus, homologous abundant cytoplasm

32
Q

What is typical for creatinine in birds?

A. It has no clinical significance
B. It is sensitive to kidney damage
C. After kidney damage it elevates earlier than urea
D. Even if it has no clinical significance, you should measure it in every case

A

B. It is sensitive to kidney damage

33
Q

What is/are the cause(s) if the feather plucking syndrome?

A. Boredom only
B. Boredom and Ectoparasites only
C. Only psychiatric causes
D. Lots of infectious and non-infectious causes

A

D. Lots of infectious and non-infectious causes

34
Q

The main symptom of liver damage in birds are…

A. Greenish urates, ascites and abnormal beak/nails
B. Abdominal pain and pruritus
C. Regurgitation and CNS signs
D. Fever and increased appetite

A

A. Greenish urates, ascites and abnormal beak/nails

35
Q

What are hepatoprotectants in birds?

A. Ursodeoxycholic acid, lactulose, metronidazole
B. Ursodeoxycholic acid, famotidine, sucralfate
C. Ursodeoxycholic acid, S-adenosylmethionine, silymarin, vitamin E
D. Ursodeoxycholic acid, ciproheptadin, chloramphenicol

A

C. Ursodeoxycholic acid, S-adenosylmethionine, silymarin, vitamin E

36
Q

The course of treatment of kidney disease is…

A. Fluid therapy, ciproheptadin, melatonin
B. Fluid therapy, silimarin, metrondiasole
C. Fluid therapy, ketofen, gentamycin
D. Fluid therapy, allopurinol, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A

A

D. Fluid therapy, allopurinol, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A

37
Q

Etiology of avian tuberculosis…

A. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
B. Mycobacterium avium
C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D. Mycobacterium bovis

A

B. Mycobacterium avium

38
Q

Possible treatment of megabacteriosis?

A. Amphotericin b
B. Metronidazole
C. Fenbendazole
D. Enrofloxacin

A

A. Amphotericin b

39
Q

What is the etiology of Macaw wasting disease (PDD)?

A. Intestinal hypomotility
B. Degeneration of the ganglions in the wall of the proventriculus
C. Less activity of the pancreatic enzymes
D. Fungal infection of the gastrointestinal tract

A

B. Degeneration of the ganglions in the wall of the proventriculus

40
Q

Which is false?

A. Snakes are shedding periodically
B. Lizard are shedding periodically
C. Ceratophagia is physiological in lizards
D. There is no shedding in turtles

A

D. There is no shedding in turtles

41
Q

The nutrition of tortoises is based on…

A. Lettuce and tomatoes
B. Plants and flowers collected in the garden
C. Banana
D. Fruits

A

B. Plants and flowers collected in the garden

42
Q

Which is false for the hibernation of Hermann’s tortoise?

A. It needs water during hibernation
B. The ideal temperature is 4-8 degrees celsius
C. It is only recommended for breeders
D. High fibre diet is optimal before hibernation

A

C. It is only recommended for breeders

43
Q

Where to give great amount of fluid to a turtle?

A. Intracoelomial
B. Vena jugularis, through IV catheter
C. Subcutaneously to the hind legs
D. Subcutaneously to the front legs

A

A. Intracoelomial

44
Q

Which is not connected with the etiology of nutritive
osteodystrophia?

A. Low calcium diet
B. Vitamin D deficiency
C. High potassium diet
D. High phosphorus diet

A

C. High potassium diet

45
Q

Which is important in the pathogenesis of vitamin A deficiency?

A. Enterocyte proliferation
B. Metaplasia in the surface of the mucous membranes
C. Pathological fat infiltration in the liver
D. Necrosis in the renal tubuli

A

B. Metaplasia in the surface of the mucous membranes

46
Q

How to treat otitis media in turtles?

A. No treatment, it disappears spontaneously sooner or later
B. Surgical debridement, antibiotics
C. Eardrops
D. Systemic antibiotic treatment based on sensitivity

A

B. Surgical debridement, antibiotics

47
Q

Follicular stasis in a green iguana can be treated with…

A. Synthetic progestagens
B. Surgery
C. Optimal husbandry
D. Calcium + oxytocine injection

A

B. Surgery

48
Q

Which characteristic of reptiles can affect negatively the success of a surgical procedure?

A. Great resistance against hypoxia
B. Low blood pressure
C. Small total blood volume
D. Great resistance against infections

A

C. Small total blood volume

49
Q

Which can cause stomatitis in tortoises?

A. Herpes virus infection
B. Ophiomyssus natricis infection
C. Iron toxicosis
D. Too hot feeding place

A

A. Herpes virus infection

50
Q

What can you see in a turtle patient with wet shell rot?

A. Reddish-brownish drawing like areas on the plastron
B. Blue colour on the plastron
C. Green and purple drawing on the plastron
D. Nothing, it is symptomless

A

A. Reddish-brownish drawing like areas on the plastron

51
Q

What is the etiology of hypertrophic gastritis in snakes?

A. Iridovirus infection
B. Cryptosporidium serpentis
C. Rhabdias sp. infection
D. Unknown

A

B. Cryptosporidium serpentis

52
Q

Symptoms of the RNS disease are…

A. Upper respiratory infection with nasal discharge
B. Diarrhoea, inflammation in the cloaca
C. Arthritis, limb weakness

A

A. Upper respiratory infection with nasal discharge

53
Q

Which can cause pneumonia vermiosa?

A. Rhabdias sp.
B. Kalicephalus sp.
C. Oxyuris sp.

A

A. Rhabdias sp.

54
Q

What is a possible treatment of septicaemia in turtles?

A. Vitamin C
B. Ivermectin
C. Enrofloxacin

A

C. Enrofloxacin

55
Q

Why should we protect the integrity of the plumage of an injured bird?

A. Because of animal welfare reasons

B. This is the only way if we want a successful release to the wild

C. If the plumage is damaged abnormal behaviour starts (auto
mutilation, feather pecking)

A

C. If the plumage is damaged abnormal behaviour starts (auto
mutilation, feather pecking)

56
Q

Which is false? When the neurological examination of the bird takes place…

A. The loss of pain perception means a fair prognosis
B. The judgement of the pain perception must be the last act
C. The loss of pain perception means a very weak prognosis

A

A. The loss of pain perception means a fair prognosis

57
Q

The treatment of lead intoxication can be carried out with…

A. Ca-EDTA, D-penicillamin
B. Ca-EDTA, atropine
C. D-penicillamin, atropine

A

A. Ca-EDTA, D-penicillamin

58
Q

Which statement is true? Atropin can be given “routinely” for
intoxicated birds, if…

A. Lead intoxication is suspected
B. Copper intoxication is suspected
C. Organic phosphate intoxication is suspected

A

C. Organic phosphate intoxication is suspected

59
Q

Which method would you choose in a zoo for interventions with serious pain?

A. Neuroleptanalgesia
B. Standing sedation
C. Physical restraint

A

A. Neuroleptanalgesia

60
Q

Which statement is true about primates?

A. Keeping of them must be avoided, because of zoonosis

B. Because of the risk of zoonosis, personal safety must get a high priority

C. Because of the risk of zoonosis, certain species can be treated only in protection masks and spectacles

A

B. Because of the risk of zoonosis, personal safety must get a high priority

exotics (6 decks)

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