2015 ITE Flashcards
According to JNC8, what med should not be used as first line for htn?
BB!! Use ACEI, ARB, CCB, Thiazides first
Risks associated with inhaled corticosteroids in COPD?
increase the risk of bruising, candidal infection of the oropharynx, and pneumonia. They also have the potential for increasing bone loss and fractures. They decrease the risk of COPDexacerbations but have no benefit on mortality and do not improve FEV1 on a consistent basis.
AUA Guidelines for microscopic hematuria?
Equal or >3 rbcs/hpf
First line for primary dysmenorrhea?
NSAID’s, not coc’s
Classification for kids 2-18 for weight
5%-85% nml, 85-94% overweight, 95%-99% obese.
Most common cause of unintentional death in children?
MVA > Drowning > poison > fires >falls
Short stature, low hairline, webbed neck?
Turner’s syndrome, need karyotype
RSV- time of yr, dx and tx.
November to April, rarely associated with bacterial co-infection, self-limited, supportive care, don’t use steroids or abx. Don’t need lab or radiology studies, can try bronchodilators.
Non displaced midshaft clavicular fracture, manage?
use arm sling, works as well as figure of eight and more comfortable.
Children 2-8, nml weight, with OSA, TX?
Adenotonsillectomy
SCFE vs Legg-Calve Perthes
SCFE 11-13 yrs for girls, 13-15 for boys, overweight, african-americans. LCP- avascular or aseptic necrosis of femoral head, boys 4-8, limping and knee pain.
Patient with symptomatic PAD, how can you prevent CV events? (acute MI or stroke)
Aspirin or clopidogrel
Vaccine that may put patients at risk of seizure
MMR, risk is for up to 2 wks after injection, a/w fam hx of epilepsy. (measles component)
PPV- positive predictive value
% of patients who tested + and actually have the disease
Infertility eval- regular periods
likely ovulating, confirm with progesterone >5 on d21 of cycle, then check tubal patency with HSG
Infertility eval- irregular periods
anovulation, check tsh, estradiol, fsh, and prolactin
AAA screening
Males who have ever smoked (100 or >) 65-75 yrs of age
Leading cause of death of pts with RA
CAD
Best treatment for OCD
repeated exposure therapy, can also try TCA and SSRI’s
Tx of posterpetic neuralgia
oral gabapentin, pregabalin, amitriptyline or topical lido patch or capsaicin cream
Pneumococcal vaccines >65
Ideally give PCV13 at 65 then PPSV23 6-12 mo later
Pneumococcal vaccine
Immunecompromised give PSV12 then PSSV23 8 wks later, only PSVV23 if immunecompetent.
Harmful meds in those with HF and EF
Nondihydropyridine CCB with negative inotropic effects like dilt and verapimil
Systemic conditions a/w uveitis
spondyloarthropathy, sarcoid, syphilis, ra, reactive arthritis.
Risk factors for Esophageal Adeno
Obesity and GERD, not h. pylori, nsaids, or crohns.
Vitamin Supplement to prevent falls in Elderly
Vit D
Midwestern US with bb sized calcifications
Histoplasmosis
Daycare workers are susceptible to ? causing diarrhea
Giardia! foul-smelling stools, bloating, flatulence, treat with flagyl
Big event + bloody diarrhea =
Campylobacter, treat with Cipro
Tamoxifen side effects
VTE, endometrial cancer, leg cramps, bladder control issues, vag dryness, itching, discharge., vasomotor sx
Lights criteria
pleural to serum protein >0.5, LDH >0.6 and/or pleural fluid >0.67 above nml mean exudative effusions like PE.
Causes of transudative effusion
chf, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, svc obstruction.
Leading cause of death worldwide!
Cardiovascular disease, in particular ischemic heart disease.
Causes of hyperthyroidism and how most differ from Graves
Postpartum thyroiditis, silent thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, exogenous thyroid ingestion, grave’s will also but with increased uptake.
All pts with Croup should get…
single dose of dexamethason (0.15-0.6 mg/kg usually orally) even if mild disease, humidifier doesn’t work.
Reptile (snake, turtles, lizards) can cause this infection..
Salmonella
Keloid vs hypetrophic scar
keloids not confined to margins of initial injury
Causes of resistant HTN?
OSA (30-40%), 1ary hyperaldosteronism >RAS > Parenchymal > thyroid.
Best intervention for obesity according to USPSTF
Behavioral counseling w/high intensity sessions.
USPSTF says we should screen who for HIV?
Everyone 15-64 with opt-out if pt chooses.
Disease modifying drug for RA
Methotrexate, Prednisone is not disease modifying
2 medications that can cause ILD
nitrofurantoin and amiodarone
Flu vaccine ok with egg allergy
recombinant is made without eggs,
chemoprophylaxis of Lyme’s
doxy
anti-psychotic associated with risk of cardiac death and stroke
Seroquel (quetiapine)
Example of Type IV reaction
contact dermatitis from nickel, poison ivy
Marker used to monitor pancreatic adeno recurrence
ca19-9
Marker for monitoring ovarian cancer recurrence
CA-125
