2014 Mid-Semester

Question 1

Anatomy is the study of?

A. Stars
B. Function
C. Mathematical symmetry
D. Structure 
E. Word histories

Answer 1

D. Structure

Question 2

Gross anatomy refers to the study of?

A. Cells
B. Structures formed by cells
C. Structures not visible to the unaided eye
D. Structures visible to the unaided eye
E. Nasal secretions

Answer 2

D. Structures visible to the unaided eye

Question 3

A plane that passes through the structure at an angle is called?

A. Frontal
B. Coronal
C. Oblique X
D. Sagittal
E. Transverse

Answer 3

C. Oblique

Question 4

Which serous membrane covers the external surface of an organ?

A. The parietal layer
B. The visceral layer X
C. The muscle layer
D. The dorsal layer
E. The ventral layer

Answer 4

B. The visceral layer

Question 5

Which of the following serve to increase the surface area of a cell for absorption and/or secretion?

A. Flagella
B. Microvilli 
C. Cilia
D. Cilia and flagella
E. Cilia and microvilli

Answer 5

B. Microvilli

Question 6

Identify the organelle that provides enzymes for autolysis.

A. Peroxisomes
B. Mitochondria
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
E. Lysosomes X

Answer 6

E. Lysosomes

Question 7

The tissue type that covers surfaces and lines the inside of organs and body cavities is?

A. Muscle
B. Connective
C. Epithelial 
D. Nervous
E. None of the choices is correct

Answer 7

C. Epithelial

Question 8

What type of epithelium would be most suited for high levels of diffusion and filtration?

A. Simple squamous 
B. Stratified squamous
C. Pseudostratified
D. Transitional
E. Stratified columnar

Answer 8

A. Simple squamous

Question 9

All connective tissues have three features in common. They are?

A. Cells, protein fibres, and mucus
B. Cells, hormones, and protein fibres
C. Protein fibres, a liquid portion, and ground substance
D. Cells, a liquid portion, and protein fibres
E. Cells, protein fibres, and ground substance

Answer 9

E. Cells, protein fibres, and ground substance

Question 10

Subcutaneous fat (the fatty layer just beneath the skin) is also known as?

A. Mesenchyme
B. Adipose tissue 
C. Reticular tissue
D. Fibrous tissue
E. The lamina propria

Answer 10

B. Adipose tissue

Question 11

Which is the most abundant type of cartilage in the body?

A. Elastic cartilage
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Reticular cartilage
D. Hyaline cartilage 
E. Vascular cartilage

Answer 11

D. Hyaline cartilage

Question 12

The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed?

A. Mesenchymal ossification
B. Intramembranous ossification
C. Bone remodelling
D. Orthodontia
E. Endochondral ossification

Answer 12

E. Endochondral ossification

Question 13

What unit of bone consists of a central canal (containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels) surrounded by concentric rings of calcified matrix?

A. Canaliculus
B. Lamella
C. Osteon 
D. Osteocyte
E. Trabeculum

Answer 13

C. Osteon

Question 14

What is the correct order for the vertebral regions, from superior to inferior?

A. Cervical - thoracic - sacral - coccygeal - lumbar
B. Thoracic - sacral - lumbar - thoracic - coccygeal
C. Cervical - thoracic - lumbar - sacral - coccygeal
D. Thoracic - coccygeal - cervical - lumbar - sacral
E. Thoracic - cervical - lumbar - coccygeal - sacral

Answer 14

C. Cervical - thoracic - lumbar - sacral - coccygeal

Question 15

Which of the following describes Menisci?

A. Attach one bone to another at a joint
B. Are fibrous cartilage pads 
C. Are flat, fluid-filled sacs
D. Are found only at the temporomandibular joint
E. Attach muscles to bones

Answer 15

B. Are fibrous cartilage pads

Question 16

The term diarthrosis refers to a joint that is?

A. Immobile
B. Freely mobile 
C. Fused
D. Slightly mobile
E. Dislocated

Answer 16

B. Freely mobile

Question 17

Which protein makes up the thick filaments in skeletal muscle?

A. Myosin 
B. Actin
C. Tropomyosin
D. Troponin
E. Myopathy

Answer 17

A. Myosin

Question 18

The structure responsible for attaching muscle to bone is a

A. Sphincter
B. Ligament
C. Fascia
D. Tendon X
E. Myofibril

Answer 18

D. Tendon

Question 19

Keratinocytes are

A. The most abundant cell type in the epidermis
B. Found throughout all epidermal strata
C. Sometimes alive and sometimes dead, depending on where found
D. Able to synthesize the protein keratin
E. All of the choices are correct

Answer 19

E. All of the choices are correct

Question 20

Blood capillaries that supply the epidermis are located in the?

A. Dermal papillae 
B. Epidermal ridges
C. Friction ridges
D. Epidermis proper
E. Subcutaneous layer

Answer 20

A. Dermal papillae

Question 21

Which is not part of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?

A. Alveoli 
B. Trachea
C. Larynx
D. Nasal cavity
E. Bronchi

Answer 21

A. Alveoli

Question 22

Organize the items listed into the proper sequence of events for gas exchange.

a: O2 is transported to cells by circulatory system
b: O2 is drawn into the lungs during inhalation
c: Cells use O2 and generate CO2
d: CO2 is exhaled
e: The circulatory system transports CO2 to the lungs

A. a, b, c, d, e
B. b, a, c, d, e
C. b, a, c, e, d 
D. c, e, d, a, b
E. e, d, c, b, a

Answer 22

C. b, a, c, e, d

Question 23

Which statement is true regarding the location of the trachea?

A. It lies superior to the oesophagus, inferior to the larynx, and superior to the primary bronchi of the lungs
B. It lies posterior to the oesophagus, inferior to the larynx, and superior to the primary bronchi of the lungs
C. It lies anterior to the oesophagus, inferior to the larynx, and inferior to the primary bronchi of the lungs
D. It lies anterior to the oesophagus, inferior to the larynx, and superior to the primary bronchi of the lungs
E. It lies superior to the oesophagus, superior to the larynx, and superior to the primary bronchi of the lungs

Answer 23

D. It lies anterior to the oesophagus, inferior to the larynx, and superior to the primary bronchi of the lungs

Question 24

Which statement is true regarding secondary bronchi?
A. The right lung has two secondary bronchi and the left lung has three secondary bronchi
B. The left lung has two secondary bronchi and the right lung has three secondary bronchi
C. Each lung has two secondary bronchi
D. Each lung has three secondary bronchi
E. Each lung has four secondary bronchi

Answer 24

B. The left lung has two secondary bronchi and the right lung has three secondary bronchi

Question 25

``` Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones? A. Transportation B. Protection C. Prevention D. Regulation E. None of these terms is appropriate ```

Answer 25

A. Transportation

Question 26

The haemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to? ``` A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Nitrogen D. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide E. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen ```

Answer 26

D. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 27

Which can be used to characterize blood flow in the human body? a: There is a unidirectional blood flow b: Arteries always carry oxygenated blood c: Veins always carry deoxygenated blood d: Arteries carry blood away from the heart e: Veins carry blood toward the heart ``` A. a, c, d, e B. a, b, c, d, e C. a, d, e D. b, c, d, e E. d, e ```

Answer 27

C. a, d, e

Question 28

The layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle tissue is the? ``` A. Pericardium B. Pectinate muscle C. Endocardium D. Pericardial cavity E. Myocardium ```

Answer 28

E. Myocardium

Question 29

In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is the/ ``` A. Tunica media B. Tunica externa C. Tunica intima D. Tunica adventitia E. None of these because all the layers are of the same dimension ```

Answer 29

A. Tunica media

Question 30

Which sequence indicates the correct pathway for blood in the arterial flow of the upper limb? A. Axillary artery - brachial artery - subclavian artery - ulnar artery B. Brachial artery - subclavian artery - axillary artery - radial artery C. Axillary artery - subclavian artery - radial artery - ulnar artery D. Subclavian artery - brachial artery - axillary artery - radial artery E. Subclavian artery - axillary artery - brachial artery - ulnar artery

Answer 30

E. Subclavian artery - axillary artery - brachial artery - ulnar artery

Question 31

What is mastication? ``` A. Taking food into the mouth B. Chewing and mixing food with saliva C. Secretion of mucus D. Swallowing E. Rhythmic alternate contraction of muscle layers ```

Answer 31

B. Chewing and mixing food with saliva

Question 32

Which is not a function of the digestive system? ``` A. Absorption B. Ingestion C. Secretion D. Micturition E. Defecation ```

Answer 32

D. Micturition

Question 33

The correct order for the layers of the GI tract wall, from innermost (next tolumen) to outermost is? A. Mucosa - submucosa - adventitia/serosa - muscularis B. Muscularis - mucosa - adventitia/serosa - submucosa C. Adventitia/serosa - mucosa - submucosa - muscularis D. Adventitia/serosa - muscularis - mucosa - submucosa E. Mucosa - submucosa - muscularis - adventitia/serosa

Answer 33

E. Mucosa - submucosa - muscularis adventitia/serosa

Question 34

Which region of the digestive tract moves material by peristalsis, haustralchurning, and mass movement? ``` A. Large intestine B. Small intestine C. Stomach D. Oesophagus E. Pharynx ```

Answer 34

A. Large intestine

Question 35

Peristalsis is? A. Is under voluntary control B. Involves the opening and closing of muscular sphincters C. Involves back-and-forth movement for mixing D. Is a wave of muscular contraction E. All choices are true

Answer 35

D. Is a wave of muscular contraction

Question 36

Which is not a lobe of the liver? ``` A. Right lobe B. Caudate lobe C. Round lobe D. Quadrate lobe E. Left lobe ```

Answer 36

C. Round lobe