2013-04-13 Lung and the Environment

Question 1

Describe the factors influencing the deposition of inhaled gases and particles.

Answer 1

• -breathing pattern–>inertia of particle (larger particles more likely to get lodged rather than turn corner)
• -size of the particle
• -mouth vs. nose breathing
• -solubility of the particle

Want asthma and COPD pts to inhale MDI slowly then hold for 10 sec.

Question 2

Describe nl defense mech of upper and lower resp tract.

Answer 2

–physical barriers: (e.g. nose as filter), mucociliary, alveolar macrophages, cough receptors, immunologic clearance

Question 3

Describe mech by which lung clears deposited particles.

Answer 3

• -mucociliary clearance: exists from resp bronchiole to larynx(1)sol phase covers (2)cilia (Na+; fucked up in CF), (2)glycoprot-gel phase overlies that
• -alveolar clearance: exists distal to terminal bronchiole; alv M0s–>mucociliary or lymphatic system
• -cough: for particles in central airways
• -immunologic

Question 4

Define pneumoconiosis.

Answer 4

inorganic dust diseases

Question 5

Define hypersensitivity pneumonitis and be able to give one or two examples.

Answer 5

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Question 6

Name at least 2 agents that may cause occupational asthma.

Answer 6

grains (cereal workers), saw dust (wood workers), cotton (causes byssinosis)

Question 7

Describe the major health effects of voluntary and involuntary smoking.

Answer 7

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Question 8

Describe pharmacologic and non-pharm strategies for smoking cessation.

Answer 8

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