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Vocab for People Who Actually Read Rather Than Take Standardized Tests > 2012-13 > Flashcards

2012-13 Flashcards

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People You Should Know flashcards
1
Q

prurient

A

arousing unwholesome desire

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2
Q

jusqu’au-boutisme

A

a

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3
Q

malapert

A

contumelious

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4
Q

Masada

A

ancient Palestinian fortress town on Dead Sea

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5
Q

yiskor

A

Yiddish, “may god remember,” a public prayer in remembrance of the dead

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6
Q

incarnadine

A

color of flesh or blood

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7
Q

homberg hat

A

a

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8
Q

Planck’s constant

A

The discovery of quantum physics, which implies the granularity int the physical universe

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9
Q

occiput

A

back of the skull

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10
Q

analeptic

A

drug stimulating central nervous system, trad. for restorative purposes such as inducing hunger

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11
Q

tufa

A

limestone formations from geothermal water

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12
Q

hemotoma

A

blood outside vessels in skin, similar to ecchymosis (bruise)

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13
Q

actuary, actuarial

A

professional who accounts for financial risk or uncertainty

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14
Q

faux-naif

A

a

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15
Q

gloaming

A

twilight

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16
Q

scurf

A

dandruff or similar flaky skin

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17
Q

scrim

A

woven fabric, used in theater/film to diffuse light

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18
Q

scrimshaw

A

design on bone or ivory

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19
Q

anthracite

A

coal

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20
Q

brattling

A

scampering, making a clattering sound by scampering

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21
Q

symphorophilia

A

paraphilia from disaster

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22
Q

torus

A

surface manipulation of a circle in three dimensions, from tube to globe

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23
Q

crapulous

A

intemperance, esp. eating and drinking

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24
Q

dashiki

A

West-African colorful men’s top

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25
Q

amboina

A

tree with pearly amber wood, used for decorating guns, knives, etc.

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26
Q

Jotto

A

word game

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27
Q

nostalgie de la boue

A

a

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28
Q

pone

A

Native American: unleavened cornmeal bread baked in ashes

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29
Q

chachka (or tchotchke)

A

bauble, trinket

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30
Q

Yoruba

A

subsaharan West-African tribe, mainly in Nigeria

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31
Q

paniche

A

French longboat

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32
Q

biblia pauperum

A

picture bible

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33
Q

eo ipso

A

from itself, in philosophy used to denote origin

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34
Q

Abu Simbel

A

Area in Egypt with massive stone statues

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35
Q

multiverse (origin)

A

coined by William James

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36
Q

raga

A

melodic mode in Indian classical music

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37
Q

Enkidu

A

in Epic of Gilgamesh, formed of clay, wild man, later companion of Gilgamesh

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38
Q

dystonia

A

abnormal contraction of muscles

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39
Q

allodynia

A

pain from a normally painless stimulus

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40
Q

hyperalgesia

A

extreme response to painful stimulus

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41
Q

engram

A

stimulus impression which can be completely brought back by repeating the stimulus. Coined by Richard Semon

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42
Q

Nathan of Gaza

A

herald of a false prophet

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43
Q

sodality

A

Christian confraternity, lay and based in works (as opposed to diocesan hierarchy)

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44
Q

trepverter

A

Yiddish, words that come to late, slow wit

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45
Q

esprit de l’escalier

A

a

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46
Q

cosa nostra

A

mafia

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47
Q

approbative ethical theory

A

an act is right if an authority (group, god) says it is

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48
Q

Vicuña

A

South American, related to the lama

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49
Q

macher

A

Yiddish: important or influential person (also ironic)

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50
Q

exiguous

A

very small in amount of size

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51
Q

neoteny

A

also pedomorphic: retention of juvenile traits

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52
Q

mitosis, mitotic

A

cell division with same DNA

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53
Q

kibisis

A

leather bag or wallet

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54
Q

uncial

A

written in upper case, or majuscule. describes medieval orthography, esp. Latin and Greek

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55
Q

ammonite

A

extinct sea creatures with shells like tight ram’s horns

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56
Q

bilobular

A

anatomy: have two lobes (brain, liver, etc)

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57
Q

calefaction

A

act of heating

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58
Q

anfractuous

A

sinuous or circuitous

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59
Q

Ite, missa est

A

Catholic, concluding words of the mass, from which the word derives. The response is deo gratias

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60
Q

cupric

A

of or containing copper

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61
Q

Fort Ticonderoga

A

important 18th French fort during 18th century French-Indian wars

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62
Q

phlogiston theory

A

17th century theory by Johann Becher to explain why things burn. That’s easy: they contain phlogiston

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63
Q

immiscible

A

not forming a homogenous mixture with brought together

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64
Q

laodicean

A

half-hearted, from a early Christian religious community

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65
Q

sequacious

A

lacking originality or independence of thought

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66
Q

ferule

A

any instrument for punishing children

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67
Q

erumpent

A

bursting forth

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68
Q

eluent

A

substance used as a solvent to separate materials

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69
Q

perfluent

A

flowing through

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70
Q

krugerrand

A

South African gold coin

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71
Q

louver, louvered

A

blinds made from horizontal slats

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72
Q

ninjo vs giri

A

Japanese, ninjo is the individual emotion that opposes and complements giri, or social obligation

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73
Q

purdah

A

Muslim: ritual social exclusion of women, equivalent to the Arabic term hijab

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74
Q

besom

A

crude broom

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75
Q

ergastic substance

A

opposed to bioplasm: the non-living, organic or inorganic material in a cell

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76
Q

4-F

A

unfit for military service

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77
Q

haimisch

A

Yiddish: cozy, homey

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78
Q

heimischer

A

German: a stay at home, a pantouflard

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79
Q

Hirschfeld

A

a style of drawn caricature

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80
Q

Ahriman

A

in Zoroastrianism, the evil spirit

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81
Q

Marimekko

A

Finish design style

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82
Q

Rebozo

A

Mexican: shawl passed down over generations, usually gathering threads and object

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83
Q

stolid

A

calm, showing little emotion, dependable

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84
Q

Gillie

A

(Scottish) hunting/fishing guide

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85
Q

ahimsa

A

(sanskrit, Hindu) non-violence; the injunction to do no harm

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86
Q

mome

A

(French) gamin

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87
Q

castellation

A

furnished with turrets

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88
Q

Caissa

A

(Renaissance invention) goddess of chess

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89
Q

tzaddik hador

A

(Jewish messianism) the righteous person born in every generation with the potential to become the messiah

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90
Q

baleboste

A

(Jewish) efficient housewife devoted to the wellbeing of her home

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91
Q

bissel

A

(Yiddish) a little

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92
Q

bupkes

A

(Yiddish) nothing; a disappointment

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93
Q

maven

A

(Yiddish) a trusted expert

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94
Q

mishegas

A

(Yiddish) insanity or craziness

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95
Q

schlemiel

A

(Yiddish) clumsy person

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96
Q

schlimazel

A

(Yiddish) person with constant bad luck

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97
Q

tsuris

A

(Yiddish) trouble or woes

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98
Q

yenta

A

(Yiddish) an old gossip

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99
Q

Dome of the Rock

A

the 7th century temple on the rock from which Muhammed ascended to heaven

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100
Q

soupçon

A

a

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101
Q

epicist

A

epic poet

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102
Q

zugzwang

A

(chess) when the player has to make a move that is disadvantageous relative to passing or not moving

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103
Q

shikata ga nai

A

(Japanese) “it can’t be helped”

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104
Q

keloid

A

scar tissue that has become puffy and collagenous (like back scars from whipping)

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105
Q

hibakusha

A

survivors of the Hiroshima or Nagasaki bombings

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106
Q

pan-pan girls

A

Japanese women who fraternized with American soldiers during the occupation

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107
Q

algolagnia

A

sexual pleasure from physical pain

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108
Q

synodic period

A

time required for an orbiting body to return to its original position

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109
Q

pica

A

appetite for non-nutritive substances (clay, glue)

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110
Q

apsis

A

(periapsis, apoapsis) closest or furthest point in an elliptical orbit

111
Q

Rayleigh scattering

A

scattering of light as it passes through particles

112
Q

vitiligo

A

depigmentation of parts of the skin

113
Q

pommis

A

wine: remainder of grape after pressing

114
Q

Kachina doll

A

(Hopi) dolls contained spirits of nature or ancestors

115
Q

gravid

A

pregnant, carrying developing young or eggs

116
Q

Mount Ararat

A

actual mountains in Turkey, where Noah’s ark was supposed to have come to rest

117
Q

ikabana

A

Japanese flower arranging

118
Q

kanji

A

Japanese adaptation of Chinese characters

119
Q

Béchamel sauce

A

French cream sauce

120
Q

Lemuria

A

hypothetic lost land or continent, used to explain biogeography in the 19th century

121
Q

Lord Mountbatten

A

last viceroy of India (1947)

122
Q

Pantisocracy

A

utopian plan developed by Coleridge and others, originally intended for the US

123
Q

pseudologia fantastica

A

pathological lying

124
Q

mythomania

A

a mania for embroidering the truth. compare pseudologia fantastica

125
Q

orrery

A

mechanical heliocentric model that shows the positions of planets

126
Q

viaticum

A

(Catholic) Eucharist for the dying

127
Q

venatic

A

living by hunting; fond of hunting

128
Q

coefficient

A

(math) a multiplying factor (ie 7x)

129
Q

deus absconditus.

A

belief that god is unknowable to the human mind

130
Q

theophany

A

a god’s appearance to humans

131
Q

salvator salvandus

A

Christ, saving oneself through oneself

132
Q

redde rationem

A

showdown, paying accounts, day of Armageddon. Luke 16:2

133
Q

parrhesia

A

(rhetoric) frankness in speech, or apology for frankness of speech

134
Q

kenosis

A

emptying oneself to the will of God: Christ

135
Q

talion law

A

lex talionis: eye for an eye

136
Q

felix culpa

A

happy fall: St Augustine’s notion that God allowed the fall for greater good

137
Q

picogram

A

1 trillionth of a gram

138
Q

mook

A

(porn industry) a rube, naif

139
Q

convolve

A

roll together

140
Q

fissile

A

able to be split

141
Q

clerestory

A

windows above eyesight to bring in light (orig. church)

142
Q

grand mal

A

seizure affecting the entire brain

143
Q

satyriasis

A

uncontrollable excessive sexual desire in a man

144
Q

prenominate

A

previously mentioned

145
Q

cancrine

A

having the features of a crab

146
Q

styptic

A

stops bleeding, lit. tending to contract

147
Q

sinistrorse

A

(plant) spiraling up left (dextrorse)

148
Q

evection

A

moon’s orbit affected by sun’s gravity

149
Q

chrestomathy

A

selected literary passages from one author

150
Q

benthos

A

bottom of the sea. Benthic: of creatures living on the sea bottom

151
Q

luxate

A

to put out of joint, dislocate

152
Q

finial

A

(architec) ornamental endpoint (on a roof etc)

153
Q

anodize

A

to coat with a protective coat (usual metal coated with oxide)

154
Q

swivet

A

extreme distress or discomposure

155
Q

phlogiston

A

imaginary substance used to explain combustibility

156
Q

retorsive argument

A

demonstration of truth because it cannot be rejected rationally

157
Q

Shivaree

A

(also Charivari) confusion, din

158
Q

saprophyte

A

organism that takes its nourishment from dead or decaying organic matter

159
Q

lussus naturae

A

a monster or marvel of nature

160
Q

tinnitus

A

buzzing in the ear

161
Q

creosote

A

pitch oil (esp. resin that accumulates in chimneys)

162
Q

Tommyknockers

A

mythical creatures who live in mines and work alongside miners. They can be guardians or mischievous

163
Q

obnubilate

A

do darken or obscure, as with clouds

164
Q

diremption

A

tear apart or violently separate

165
Q

Bodhisattva

A

one who gives up enlightenment to help others

166
Q

satori

A

(Buddhism) sudden spiritual awakening

167
Q

moksha

A

(Sanskrit) liberation from samsara

168
Q

samsara

A

(literally, “continuous flow”) illusion: the cycle of life and death

169
Q

hebophrenia

A

type of schizophrenia: foolish, senseless laughter, delusions, and regressive behavior

170
Q

respice finem

A

(lit. look to the end) focus on the end result

171
Q

Necker cube

A

optical illusion cube

172
Q

regressus ad infinitum

A

a

173
Q

taupe

A

(French, mole) brownish grey

174
Q

Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

deficiency of vitamin B, often from alcoholism: confabulation along with apathy and amnesia

175
Q

confabulation

A

invention of memories

176
Q

Lotte Pritzel doll

A

meticulous wax dolls

177
Q

gracile

A

gracefully slender

178
Q

erysipelas

A

skin condition (inflammation)

179
Q

a realibus ad realiora

A

from the real to the more real

180
Q

cupular

A

cup-shaped

181
Q

matunality

A

(coined by Isaac Dinesen) midnight to 2 am

182
Q

exopthalmic

A

prominent eyeballs

183
Q

Quis custodiet ipsos custodes

A

(Juvenal) Who watches the watchmen?

184
Q

distrait

A

(French distracted) esp. by anxiety (somewhat elegant)

185
Q

lese-majeste

A

(medieval) an offense against the king

186
Q

nissus

A

striving after a goal

187
Q

Bhikkhu

A

Buddhist monk (Bikkhuni - nun)

188
Q

sylph

A

(also sylphid, a young sylph) (from Paracelsus) mythological creature of the air

189
Q

tathata

A

(also dharmata) the condition of having arrived at one’s current state

190
Q

Historische krankheit

A

(Nietzsche)

191
Q

Entkunstgung

A

(Adorno) the destruction of art’s quality as art

192
Q

Vexata quaestio

A

(legal) a commonly disputed problem

193
Q

hyaline

A

have a glassy appearance

194
Q

avulsion

A

tearing away (esp. parts of the body)

195
Q

chiliastic

A

doctrine that Jesus will reign for 1000 years

196
Q

cheval-de-frise

A

barbed ground impediment

197
Q

ankylosis

A

stiffness from bone’s adhesion to a joint

198
Q

neotenize

A

(neoteny) to cause to retain juvenile features

199
Q

tantivy

A

at full gallop/top speed

200
Q

anfractuous

A

sinuous or circuitous

201
Q

ferkin

A

small wooden cask (roughly 1/4 barrel)

202
Q

feuilleton

A

novel or section of newspaper with light fiction

203
Q

succedaneum

A

substitute

204
Q

Quonset

A

(trademark) semi-circular structure build with corrugated steel

205
Q

piacular

A

making atonement for sacrilege: piacular sacrifice

206
Q

coffle

A

a line of animals or slaves chained together

207
Q

otiose

A

serving no practical purpose

208
Q

q.v.

A

(bibliographical) quod vide: “see this cross reference”

209
Q

escharotic

A

causing sloughing of skin (either a drug or an injury)

210
Q

sessile

A

(organism) fixed/immobile

211
Q

paphian

A

prostitute: orig. inhabitant of Paphos, center of worship of Aphrodite

212
Q

anodize

A

to coat metal with a protective film

213
Q

anserine

A

goose-like

214
Q

sic vos non vobis

A

(Virgil) “this you do not for yourselves”

215
Q

etiolated

A

pale from lack of light

216
Q

ptosis

A

drooping eyelid (ptotic)

217
Q

phytotoxin

A

toxin produced by a plant

218
Q

oscitant

A

(lit. gaping) yawning, as from drowsiness

219
Q

armigerous

A

bearing heraldic arms

220
Q

obtundation

A

mental blunting: less than full mental capacity (us. from trauma) along with reduced pain

221
Q

Baker-miller pink

A

(pepto-bismal pink) (psych) used in the Navy to calm people in the correctional facilities. Part of a broader theory that color affects mood (studies led by Alexander Schauss)

222
Q

Anthropocene

A

(informal) geological/chronological term designating period of human industrial habitation of the earth

223
Q

pantophagy

A

habit/ability to eat all kinds of food

224
Q

inedia

A

the alleged ability to subsist on air alone (also breatharian)

225
Q

redshift

A

light doppler from object moving away (op. blueshift)

226
Q

autolysis

A

self-digestion (bodies use of own cells for nourishment)

227
Q

grimoire

A

manual of magic or witchcraft

228
Q

Matrioshka dolls

A

nesting dolls

229
Q

fissiparous

A

inclined to division into separate groups. reproducing by fission

230
Q

flatus vocis

A

a mere sound/word without corresponding objective reality

231
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

infrequent menstruation

232
Q

periphescence

A

(Jeffrey Eugenides, Middlesex) first fever of human bonding

233
Q

sericulture

A

silk farming

234
Q

peplus

A

(Greek) loose outer garment

235
Q

tertulia

A

(Spanish) informal literary group

236
Q

apotemnophilia

A

sexual arousal involving the fantasy of amputation

237
Q

bloviate

A

to be verbose (bloviated)

238
Q

chiropteran

A

bat-like

239
Q

Cenozoic

A

current geological era (lit “new life”)

240
Q

Ship of Theseus

A

(Plutarch) paradox of the sameness in difference

241
Q

paraphilia

A

sexual arousal from atypical objects, situations

242
Q

fuge, tace, quiesce

A

(Christian) flee (the world), be silent, and patiently wait (God to speak to you) (Saint Arsenius)

243
Q

eutrophication

A

(also hypertrophication) abnormal bloom from addition of nutrients (e.g. algae bloom)

244
Q

oriflamme

A

banner, symbol, ideal inspiring devotion and courage (orig. from Saint Dennis)

245
Q

nisus formativus

A

periodic desire for procreation

246
Q

accombination

A

a combining together

247
Q

Sierpinski triangle

A

triangle fractal

248
Q

synanthropy

A

plants or animals that benefit from living near or with humans

249
Q

per forza di levare

A

(Michelangelo) description of the process of removal (in sculpture) to find the true form

250
Q

explananda

A

something to be explained

251
Q

difiniendum

A

something to be defined

252
Q

gnosiology

A

intuitive (spiritual) knowledge

253
Q

apoptosis

A

programmed cell death

254
Q

apophasis

A

mentioning by not mentioning (also proslepsis)

255
Q

adynaton

A

(lit without power to effect) figure of speech in which an impossible situation is proposed: I will sooner…

256
Q

cerise

A

cherry color

257
Q

trichobothria

A

the hair of a spider that help it detect vibrations

258
Q

epicene

A

intersexual, effeminate

259
Q

equipotentiality

A

having bilateral potential: (neuropsychology) the ability of the mind to develop capacities regardless of environmental factors.
(behaviorism) (arbitrary) associative linking

260
Q

nootropic

A

“smart drugs” - cognitive enhancers (memory, performance, etc)

261
Q

monocausotaxophilia

A

(Karl Popper) fixation on a single explanation

262
Q

anoesis

A

consciousness as pure passive receptiveness

263
Q

kaizen

A

(Japanese) continuous small improvements in standardized behavior to produce more effective results

264
Q

entre chien et loup

A

dusk: when you can’t tell if it is a dog or wolf

265
Q

spallation

A

ejection of fragments from impact

266
Q

hypnagogic

A

drowsiness just before sleep (hypnogogia -transition from wakefulness to sleep)

267
Q

macropod

A

marsupial

268
Q

Chicago window

A

(one large window with two narrower on either side)

269
Q

corten steel

A

steel alloy that strengthens with rust

270
Q

oculus

A

(architecture) circular opening in a roof or interior of a building

271
Q

Oleg Cassini

A

Jackie Kennedy’s style

272
Q

zymic

A

related to fermentation

273
Q

mundus miliebris

A

feminine effects (material objects)

274
Q

gaffirophobia

A

fear of bridges

Vocab for People Who Actually Read Rather Than Take Standardized Tests (1 decks)

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