2010 Flashcards
A 38 year old man presented with dyspnea and chest pain.
1. What is the diagnosis?
2. Two other signs seen in clinical examination?
3. What is the immediate management?
- Tension pneumothorax of right lung (trachea is mildly deviated to the opposite side)
- Deviated trachea, hyperresonant, absent breath sounds
- Needle decompression in the second intercostal space in the midclavicular line, followed by chest tube insertion
Patient presented with a four week history of fever, purulent cough of smelly green sputum
1. What is the abnormality (diagnosis):
2. What are two causative organisms?
- Lung abscess
- Staphylococcus Aureus Klebsiella Pneumoniae Anaerobes
- Describe the finding in the x ray and clinical diagnosis
- List 2 causes
- Bilateral increased opacity in
the middle zones with cephalization of pulmonary veins – Pulmonary edema - Congestive heart failure Non-cardiogenic: acute respiratory distress syndrome
A 30 year old male presented with productive cough. A picture of his CT is shown.
1. Describe what you see in the CT.
2. What is the diagnosis?
- Dilated airways
- Bronchiectasis
A 27 year old male has been diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection after suffering from influenza
1. What is the name of the test shown?
2. Describe the findings of the test and name the organism
- Gram stain
- Gram positive cocci in clusters (staphylococci); staphylococcus aureus
Patient Came to the ER with this vision.
1. Name the abnormality.
2. Mention one cause.
- Right Upper homonymous quadrantanopia
- Stroke in the left temporal lobe
A 51 year old women presented with headache and diplopia. The patient is looking forward:
1. Why is the left eye turned in (adducted)?
2. Name two causes of this condition.
- The patient has abducens (CN VI) nerve palsy, normally responsible for abduction (lateral rectus). Unopposed medial rectus causes the eye to turn inward.
- Stroke, Acoustic neuroma and multiple sclerosis
- What is the probable diagnosis (fatigability)?
- What is the pathophysiology of the disease?
- Myasthenia gravis
- Ab against Ach receptors in the neuromuscular junction
A female presented with watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. She also suffers from itching in her abdomen as shown in this picture.
1. What is this sign? What is it associated with?
2. Mention two diagnostic tests.
3. How can you manage the patient?
- Dermatitis herpetiformis. It is associated with celiac disease
- Serology (anti-tissue transglutaminase, anti-endomysial antibodies, and anti- deaminated gliadin) and Duodenal biopsy
- Gluten restriction
Patient with a history of diarrhea with bleeding
1. Diagnosis
Picture of colon (IBD)
2. What are the 2 skeletal manifestations?
3. What do you see in the colonoscopy?
- Pyoderma gangiasum
- Sacroillitis, arhritis
- Inflammed mucous and submucosa
Video with hepatic flap
The is the name of the sign in the video?
Hepatic flap
CT abdomen
What are the 2 finding in CT scan
shrunken liver and peritoneal fluid (acites)
A diabetic patient is on this kind of therapy to manage his condition.
1. Mention two side effects of this therapy
2. What are two pieces advice that could be given to this patient prior to his injection?
- Lipohypertrophy, allergic reactions, hypoglycemia
- ● to change the site of injection every now and then
● to inform him about the side effects of insulin
● check the expiry date of insulin before using it
A 57 year old female experienced pain in her fingers and noticed some color changes.
1. What is this sign?
2. Name two associated conditions
- Raynaud’s phenomenon
- Systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatoid Arthritis Scleroderma
X-ray of rheumatoid hand
Describe what you see
Bony erosions, decreased joint space
Woman with history polyarthritis for 10 years
What are 2 symptoms related to this condition?
?
A 42 year old man presents with postural hypotension and weight loss
1. What’s the diagnosis?
2. Mention two biochemical abnormalities this patient is likely to have
3. What’s the key diagnostic test?
- Addison’s disease
- Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia
- Short ACTH (synacthen) stimulation test
A 32 year old man came complaining of headaches and tightening of his wedding ring.
1. Mention two signs in this picture.
2. What is the diagnosis?
3. What is the gold standard test to diagnose this condition?
- Prominent supraorbital ridge, prognathism
- Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Patient with recurrent fits
1. Name of the sign?
2. What’s the diagnosis?
- Chovestic sign
- Hypoparathyroidism (hypocalcemia)
Patient has fatigue and weakness
1. Based on the picture, what is the probable diagnosis?
2. What are other signs are typical in these patients?
- Graves
- Peritibiamyxidema, diffuse goiter, ophthalmopathy
Vegan for 5 years with numbness
1. What is the abnormality?
2. What are the deficiency?
3. Mention 2 neurological manifestations
- Hypersegmented neutrophil
- Vit b12
- Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, dementia, polyneuropathy.
Patient with history of sickle cell anemia and recurrent hospital admissions presented with hip pain
1. What is shown on X-ray?
2. Mention two complications of this disease?
- Avascular necrosis of femoral head
- Acute chest syndrome Autosplenectomy
Stroke Leg ulcer
- Diagnosis?
- Causes?
- Aplastic anemia
- Myeloproliferative disorders (myelofibrosis), infection (parvovirus B19)
A patient with systemic erythematosus lupus
1. What’s the diagnosis?
2. What 2 other blood disorders associated?
- -
- Anemia of chronic disease Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Patient’s face after eating a peanut
1. What’s the substance that caused this?
2. What’s the immediate treatment?
- Histamine
- Antihistamine
