201 Grammar Flashcards
Potential Form
ーえる／られる／こられる／できる
List reasons, situation
～し
It looks like
adj. + そうです
Trying Something
verb + てみる
Do with restriction
～なら
X per Y
time period に amount of times
I wish
ほしい／ほしがる
maybe…
short form + ～かもしれません／かもしれない
why don’t you…
verb(short, past)～たらどうですか
As many as / As few as
＃＋も／＃＋しか＋negative
Volitional Form
ーおう／～よう／こよう／しよう
Volitional + I think
おうと思っています
To do in preparation
～ておく
Qualified noun
short form sentence + noun
Give out, give in, to receive
giverはrecipientにあげる／くれる
recipientはgiverにもらう
I do something for someone else/You do something for me/persuade someone to do something for me
てあげる／てくれる／てもらう
Request for someone to do something
～てただけませんか／てくれませんか／くれない？
Wish for something good to happen to someone/oneself
sentence(short, present) + といいですね／といいんですが／といいんですけど
Time frame when activity
sentence + 時(な for na adj. and の for nouns)
Apologizing
～てすみませんでした／てごめん
I heard
～そうです／って
If A then B
A(short form) たら B
Does not need to…
neg. short from + なくてもいいです
It appears to be / It looks like
sentence(short form verb is applicable) + みたいです
B before A / A, and then B
verb A(short, present) + 前に + verb B ／ verb A(te form) てから verb B
Expressing extra something in the sentence
～んですが／んですけど
Intransitive verbs
particle: が’。開く、しまる、はいる、でる、つく、きえる、こわれる、よごれる、おちる、わく
Transitive verbs
particle: を。あける、しめる、いれる、だす、つける、けす、こわす、よごす、おとす、わかす
Expressing completion or regret
sentence + てしまう
One thing happens, another thing happens immediately afterwards
clause A (short present) と clause B
Do this while doing that
secondary activity stem form + ながら + primary activity
I wish I did / I wish I did not
～ばよかった／なければよかった
verb->ば form:
う->えば
い->ければ
