20 Q?’s Flashcards
cytoplasm
contains the cytosol, inclusions, and organelles
plasma membrane
forms the outer barrier of the cell
nucleus
the cell’s control center
what is not a component of the cytoplasm?
chromatin
simple diffusion is defined as the movement of..
molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of low concentration
the rate of diffusion is affected by which of the following..
temperature, size of the molecules, & steepness of the concentration gradient
facilitated diffusion is used to transport..
sugars and amino acids
a red blood cell placed in a hypertonic medium will..
shrink
active transport moves a solute..
up its concentration gradient, that is, from a low concentration to a high one
active transport
requires energy in the form of ATP
the sodium-potassium exchange pump is an example of..
active transport
exocytosis is a process by which cells..
release substances from the cell through pores in the cell membrane
certain white blood cells engulf microorganisms and bring them in to digest them. this process is best described as..
phagocytosis
microscopic membrane extensions that extend from the plasma membrane are called..
microvilli
in a cell that is not dividing, the unwound, filamented mass of DNA & associated proteins is (are) called…
chromatin
__ proteins whereas other proteins that are attached to either the inner or the outer surface of the lipid bilayer are called __ proteins
integral; peripheral
the uptake of material through the plasma membrane by the formation of a vesicle is __ , whereas the fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane and the release if its contents outside the cell is called..
endocytosis; exocytosis
the organillero responsible for protein synthesis are known as __ & the organelles that assist with the breakdown of proteins are called __
ribosomes; proteasomes
which organelle gives..
instructions for protein synthesis & cell reproduction; contains genetic information
nucleus
which organelle…
has an intracellular compartment that forms transport vesicles; participates in lipid synthesis and synthesis of membrane or secreted proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
which organelle..
packages proteins for export from cell; forms secretory vesicles
Golgi apparatus
which organelle..
digests worn-out organelles & cell debris; digest material taken up by endocytosis
lysosomes
which organelle..
is the “power plants” of the cell
mitochondria
which organelle..
is used in break down of fats & contains the enzyme catalase
peroxisome
temporary storage sites in the cytosol for substances such as pigments or nutrients are called __
inclusions
what is the general function performed by all human body cells?
gives rise to all different types of cells
