Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD3002 WEEK 4 - A > 2. Tumours of the Upper GIT > Flashcards

2. Tumours of the Upper GIT Flashcards

1
Q

Classify the upper GI tumours

A 
Oesophagus:
Benign:
Mesenchymal tumours
Squamous papillomas
Malignant:
Squamous cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Stomach:
Benign:
Polyps - Non-neoplastic; adenomas
Mesenchymal
Malignant:
Carcinoma
Lymphoma
Carcinoid
Mesenchymal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the benign tumours of the oesophagus

A 
Leiomyomas
Fibromas
Lipomas
Haemangiomas
Neurofibromas
Lymphagiomas
Mucosal polyps
Squamous papillomas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the maligant tumours of the oesophagus

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (90%)
Adenocarcinoma

Rare:
Carcinoids tumours
Lymphoma
Sarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are factors associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus

A

Dietary: vitamin deficency; fungal contamination; high content of nitrates
Lifestyle: burning hot beverages; alcohol and tobacco
Oespageal disorders
Genetic predisposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the morphology of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus

A

20% in upper third
50% in middle third
30% in lower third

Small, gray-white plaque like thickenings that become tumourous masses

Three patterns:
Protruded and exophytic (60%)
Flat, diffuse, infiltrative (15%)
Excavated, ulcerated (25%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the histology of SCC of the oesophagus

A 
Squamous cell epithelium
Pleomorphism
Hyperchromatism
Mitotic figures
Degree of atypia/dysplasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the clinical features of SCC of the oesophagus

A

Dysphagia
Extreme weight loss
Haemmorhage and sepsis
Metastases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the features of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus

A

Lower third of oesophagus
Arise from barrett mucosa (10%)
Tobacco and obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the morphology of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus

A

Flat or raised patches or nodular masses

May be infiltrative or deeply ulcerative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the histology of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus

A

Mucin-producing glandular tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the clinical features of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus

A 
Dysphagia
Progressive weight loss
Bleeding
Chest pain
Vomiting
Heart burn
Regurgitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the benign tumours of the stomach

A

Polyps:
Non neoplastic - small and sessile; hyperplastic surface epithelium
Neoplastic - contains proliferative dysplastic epithelium; malignant potential; sessile or pedunculated
Leiomyomas and Schwannomas - rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the features of gastric carcinoma

A

90-95% of maligant tumours of stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What factors are associated with gastric carcinoma

A 
Environmental: 
Infection by H.pylori
Diet
Low status
Smoking

Host:
Chronic gastritis
Barrett oesophagus

Genetic factors:
Increase in blood group A
Family history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the morpholohy of gastric carcinomas

A

Location:
Pylorus and antrum 50-60%
Cardia 25%
Remainder in fundus or body

Lesser curvature involved in 40%
Greater in 12%

Classified on basis of:
Depth of invasion
Macroscopic growth pattern
Histological subtype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the macroscopic growth patterns of gastric carcinoma

A

Exophytic
Flat ot depressed - linitis plastica
Excavated

17
Q

Describe the clinical features of adenocarcinoma of the stomach

A 
Asymptomatic until late
Weight loss
Abdominal pain
Anorexia
Vomiting
Dysphagia
18
Q

Describe the features of gastric lymphoma

A

5% of gastric malignancies
B-cell lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
>80% associated with chronic gastritis and H.pylori infection

19
Q

Describe the morphology of gastric lymphomas

A

Commonly occur in mucosa or superficial submucosa
Lymphocytic infiltrate of the lamina propria surrounds gastric glands massively infiltrated with atypical lymphocytes and undergoing destruction

MD3002 WEEK 4 - A (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions