2. Transport across cell membranes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the cell membrane made of?

A

protein and phospholipids

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2
Q

phospholipids

A

fat

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3
Q

selectively permable

A

lets small molecules pass through like oxygen and glucose and stops large molecules like starch from passing through

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4
Q

examples of passive transport

A

osmosis and diffusion

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5
Q

does passive transport require energy?

A

no

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6
Q

passive transport

A

occurs due to different concentrations of substances between the cell and its external enviroment

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7
Q

occurs due to different concentrations of substances between the cell and its external enviroment

A

concentration gradient

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8
Q

Diffusion

A

movement of molecules down a concentration gradient from a high concentration to a low concentration

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9
Q

diffusion substance in stomata leaves

A

carbon dioxide

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10
Q

diffusion movement in stomata leaves

A

from a higher concentration in the air to a lower concentration in the leaf

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11
Q

Diffusion substance in the villi

A

glucose

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12
Q

diffusion movement in villi

A

higher concentration in the villus to a lower concentration in the blood capillaries

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13
Q

diffusion substance in the alveolus

A

oxygen

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14
Q

diffusion movement in alveolus

A

higher concentration in the air sac to a lower concentration in the blood capillaries

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15
Q

osmosis

A

movement of water molecules from a high water concentration to a low water concentration

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16
Q

osmosis calculation

A

% change difference over original x 100

17
Q

plasmolysed

A

cells loose water

18
Q

`Turgid

A

full of water, membrane pushes against cell wall

19
Q

effect on plant cells with low water concentration

A

plasmolysed

20
Q

equal water/solute concentration

A

normal

21
Q

high water concentration

A

turgid

22
Q

what prevents plant cells from bursting

A

cell wall

23
Q

effect of osmosis on animal cells with low water concentration

A

shrivelled

24
Q

equal water/solute solution

A

normal

25
Q

high water concentration

A

burst

26
Q

Active transport

A

movement of molecules and ions from a low concentration to a high concentration

27
Q

what is the function of membrane proteins

A

responsible for moving molecules and ions against the concentration gradient

28
Q

Does active transport require energy?

A

yes