2) Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Stratum corneum
A
- Consists of terminally differentiated keratinocytes (corneocytes)
- Outermost layer
2
Q
Stratum lucidum
A
- Thin, clear layer which is translucent (volar skin)
3
Q
Stratum granulosum
A
- Thin layer of keratinocytes with keratohyalin granules
4
Q
Stratum spinosum
A
- Appears “spiny” when stained with H & E
5
Q
Stratum basale
A
- Deepest layer
- Consisting of keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkel cells
6
Q
Papillary layer
A
- Directly beneath the epidermis
- Contains papillae which house looped capillaries and corpuscles
- Lose areolar connective tissue
7
Q
Reticular layer
A
- Deeper layer which contains vessels, glands, etc.
- Connective tissue is dense and irregular
- Orientation of collagen fibers contributes to skin tension lines (Langer’s lines)
8
Q
Macule
A
- Flat, colored lesion
- Less than 2cm
- Not raised above the skin
9
Q
Patch
A
- Larger, flat colored lesion
- Greater than 2cm
- Differs from macule only in size
10
Q
Papule
A
- Small, solid lesion
- Less than 0.5cm in diameter
- Raised above the surface of surrounding skin and is palpable
11
Q
Nodule
A
- Larger, firm lesion
- 0.5 to 5cm
- Raised above the surface
- Differs from papule in size
12
Q
Tumor
A
- Solid, raised growth
- Varies in size and depth
13
Q
Plaque
A
- Large, greater than 1cm
- Flat-topped, raised lesion
- Edges may be distinct or blend to surrounding skin
14
Q
Vesicle
A
- Small, fluid-filled lesion above the surrounding skin
- Measures less than 0.5cm
15
Q
Pustule
A
- Vesicle filled with leukocytes
16
Q
Bulla
A
- Fluid filled lesion above the surrounding skin measuring greater than 0.5cm in diameter
17
Q
Wheal
A
- Raised, erythematous, edematous papule or plaque
- Brought on by temporary vasodilation and vasopermeability
18
Q
Telangiectasia
A
- Dilated, superficial blood vessel
19
Q
Lichenification
A
- Distinctive thickening of skin
- Characterized by accentuated skin-fold markings
20
Q
Scale
A
- Excessive accumulation of stratum corneum
21
Q
Crust
A
- Dried exudate of body fluids which are either serous (yellow) or hemorrhagic (red)
22
Q
Erosion
A
- Loss of epidermis without the loss of associated dermis
23
Q
Ulcer
A
- Loss of epidermis and at least a portion of the underlying dermis
24
Q
Excoriation
A
- Linear, angular erosion that may be covered by crust
- Caused by scratching
25
Q
Atrophy
A
- Loss of substance which may appear as a depression of intact epidermis (dermal atrophy) or shiny, delicate, wrinkled lesions (epidermal atrophy)
26
Q
Scar
A
- Fibrotic change in the skin secondary to trauma or inflammation
- May be erythematous, hypo/hyperpigmented
27
Q
Alopecia
A
- Hair loss which may be partial or complete
28
Q
Annular
A
- Describes a ring shaped lesion
29
Q
Cyst
A
- Soft, raised, encapsulated lesion
- Filled with liquid or semi-solid content
30
Q
Herpetiform
A
- Refers to grouped lesions
31
Q
Lichenoid
A
- Violacious to purple
- Polygonal lesions that resemble those seen in lichen planus
32
Q
Milia
A
- Small, firm, white papules filled with keratin
33
Q
Morbilliform
A
- Generalized, small erythematous macules and/or papules like that of measles
34
Q
Nummular
A
- Coin shaped lesions
35
Q
Poikiloderma
A
- Refers to skin that demonstrates variegated pigmentation, atrophy, and telangiectases
36
Q
Polycyclic
A
- Configuration of skin lesions formed from coalescing rings or incomplete rings
37
Q
Pruritis
A
- Sensation that elicits the desire to scratch
