2. Supply and Demand Flashcards

1
Q

What are Markets?

A

Situation where consumers and producers can negociate the exchange of goods/ services

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2
Q

Quantity demanded

A

Total amount that consumers desire to purchase in some period of time

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3
Q

Quantity bought

A

Actual Purchases

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4
Q

Is quantity a flow or a stock?

A

Flow, reliant on time

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5
Q

What is the law of demand

A

Empirical observation that when the price of a product falls, people demand larger quantities

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6
Q

Quantity Supplied

A

Total amount of a product that firm desire to sell in some time period. Firms are willing to offer for sale NOT quantity sold

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7
Q

Law of supply

A

When the price of a product rises, firms offer more of it for sale

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8
Q

What is the demand curve?

A

A curve that shows the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity of the product demanded
Downwards sloping

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9
Q

What is the supply curve?

A

A graph of the relationship between the rpice of a goof and the quantity supplied
Upwards sloping

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10
Q

What is excess demand?

A

When quantity demanded is more than quantity supplied

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11
Q

What is excess supply?

A

When quantity supplied is more than quantity demanded

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12
Q

What is the equilibirum quantity and price?

A

Price-quantity pair at which both buyers and sellers are satisfied

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13
Q

Adjustement to the equilibrium

A

Price differs to the equilibrium price, have to adjust the supply/demand until eq.

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14
Q

Opportunity improvement

A

Can change the supply/demand

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15
Q

Factors that shift the demand curve

A
  1. Incomes
  2. Tastes
  3. Price of substitutes and complements
  4. Expectations
  5. Population
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16
Q

What is a normal ood vs a inferior good?

A

Normal: quantity demanded at any price rises with income

Inferior goods: quantity demanded at any price falls with income

17
Q

What is a complement?

A

Increase in price of one good decreases the demand for antoher good
ex. bacon and eggs

18
Q

What are substitutes?

A

Increase in the price of one will increase the demand for another

19
Q

What does a left shift to the demnad curve mean?

A

Decrease in demand

20
Q

What does a rightward shift in a demand curve mean?

A

Increase in demand

21
Q

Increased demand?

A

Increase equilibirum price and quantity

22
Q

Decrease in demand?

A

Decrease in equilibirum price and quantity

23
Q

Increase in supply?

A

Decrease in equilibrium price and increase in eq quantity

24
Q

Decrease in supply?

A

Increase in equilibrium price and decrease in equilibrium quantity

25
3 Conditions of perfect competition?
1. large number of consumers 2. Large number of producers 3. Producers sell identical or homogenous version of the product
26
Equilibrium algebra for the supply schedule?
P=2+3Q^s
27
Equilibrium prices and quantities for the demand schedule?
P=10-Q^d
28
What happens to people who lack sufficient income topurchase bare necessicites?
The government intervenes, may implement price ceiling
29
What is a price ceiling?
A legal maximum on the price at which a good can be sold
30
What is a price support?
Keep prices above their equilibrium levels | Governments needs to become an active buyer