2 SST LONGITUDES AND LATITUDES

Question 1

Define “Globe”

Answer 1

A globe is a miniature model of the earth.

Question 2

Who is a navigator?

Answer 2

A person who finds the position of a ship and the direction in which it should go.

Question 3

Define “Axis of the Earth”.

Answer 3

Axis is an imaginary line passing through the Centre of the Earth. The Earth spins about this line.

Question 4

Which line meets the Earth’s Surface at only two points. Name the line and the points.

Answer 4

Axis

The North Pole and the South Pole.

Question 5

Define “Equator”

Answer 5

The Equator is an imaginary line that divides the earth into two halves (Northern and Southern Hemisphere) and passes between the two poles.

Question 6

The region between the Equator and the South Pole is called_______________.

Answer 6

Southern Hemisphere

Question 7

The region between the Equator and the North Pole is called__________.

Answer 7

Northern Hemispshere

Question 8

Define “Latitudes”

Answer 8

Imaginary circular lines drawn parallel to the equator are called latitudes. These lines are drawn north or south of the Equator from east to west.

Question 9

What do Latitudes tell us?

Answer 9

Latitudes tell us the location of a person or thing between the Equator and the North Pose/South Pole.

Question 10

How are the Latitudes measured?

Answer 10

latitudes are measured in degrees i.e. 1⁰N or 90⁰S.

Question 11

How many latitudes are there?

Answer 11

There are 90 latitudes drawn between Equator and North Pole and 90 latitudes between the Equator and South Pole.

Thus, there are 181 latitudes including Equator.

Question 12

What is the measurement of Equator in degrees?

Answer 12

0⁰

Zero Degree

Question 13

Which latitude covers the maximum and minimum distance?

Answer 13

As we go north or south of the Equator, the circles or latitudes becomes smaller.

The Equator is the biggest circle hence covers the maximum distance.

North Pole (90⁰N) and South Pole (90⁰S) are not circles but simply dots hence covers zero distance.

Question 14

What is the measurement of Tropic of Cancer?

Answer 14

23 1/2 ⁰ N

Question 15

What is the measurement of Tropic of Capricorn?

Answer 15

23 1/2 ⁰ S

Question 16

What is the measurement of Arctic Circle?

Answer 16

66 1/2 ⁰ N

Question 17

What is the measurement of Antarctic Circle?

Answer 17

66 1/2 ⁰ S

Question 18

What is the measurement of North Pole?

Answer 18

90⁰N

Question 19

What is the measurement of South Pole?

Answer 19

90⁰ S

Question 20

Define Longitudes

Answer 20

The vertical imaginary lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole are called Meridians of Longitudes or simply longitudes.

Question 21

Define the North Pole

Answer 21

The North Pole is the northernmost point on Earth.

Question 22

Define south Pole.

Answer 22

South Pole is the southernmost point on Earth.

Question 23

How many longitudes are there?

Answer 23

There are 360 longitudes.

Question 24

Which longitude is called as Prime Meridian?

Answer 24

The 0⁰ longitude has been named as the Prime Meridian.

Question 25

Which imaginary line divides Earth into two equal halves i.e. Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.

Answer 25

Prime Meridian

Question 26

How many lines of longitudes fall in the Western Hemisphere?

Answer 26

180 lines.

From 1⁰ W to 180⁰W.

Question 27

How many longitudes fall in the Eastern hemisphere?

Answer 27

180 lines.

1⁰E to 180⁰E.

Question 28

Which longitude is termed as international Dateline?

Answer 28

180⁰E and 180⁰W refer to the same longitude and is simply called as 1800 with the letter E or W. At about 1800 longitudes fall a line called the International Dateline.

Question 29

Which of the following lines runs parallel to each other?

Longitudes

Latitudes

Answer 29

Latitudes

Question 30

The distance between two longitudes is the greatest at the _________. Why?

Answer 30

Equator being the largest circle.

Question 31

At what angles, longitudes cross latitudes?

Answer 31

90⁰

Question 32

What is the geographical Grid?

Answer 32

The network of latitudes and longitudes is called a Geographical Grid.

It helps in locating points on a map or globe.

Question 33

The main use of the grid of Meridians and parallel is to

Tell time

Locate places

Check latitudes of places

Answer 33

Locate places

Question 34

How will you calculate the time difference between two longitudes?

Answer 34

Earth takes 24 hours (1440 minutes) to complete one rotation i.e. 360 longitudes.

1440÷360 = 4

Therefore, it takes 4 minutes to rotate one degree of longitude. The time difference between two longitudes is 4 minutes.

Question 35

Which of the following helps in finding the time of a place.

Latitude

Longitude

Answer 35

Longitude

Question 36

On which Meridian of longitude, a calendar day starts and ends.

Answer 36

180⁰ longitude (International date line)

Question 37

What happens if the international date line passes through an island or some landmass?

How is it corrected?

Answer 37

The International dateline has not been kept straight.

If, it passes through an island or some landmass, there will be two dates on that place. To avoid such confusion, the international dateline is adjusted to either include or exclude the countries.

Question 38

What is the direction of rotation of the Earth?

Answer 38

Earth rotates from West to East.

Places on the east will have midday before the places on the west.

Question 39

Which of the following will have midday first.

Places on the west

Places on the east

Answer 39

Places on the east.

Question 40

How the midday of a place is calculated?

Answer 40

When the sun shines directly overhead on a longitude, it is midday on all places on that longitude.

Question 41

What adjustment a does traveler need to make when he is stepping across the International Dateline from the east to the west?

Answer 41

The traveler steps forward a day. He needs to change the next date.

If a traveler crosses the line on 1st Oct, he needs to change the date to 2 October.

Question 42

What adjustment a does traveler need to make when he is stepping across the international date line from the Wests to east?

Answer 42

The traveler steps into the previous day.

He needs to change the date to the previous day. If a traveler crosses the line on 2 October, he needs to change the date to 1st October.