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Space I > 2 Space Environment > Flashcards

2 Space Environment Flashcards

1
Q

2 reasons we need to understand Space Weather?

A

Enables confident attribution of the origin of a disturbance

Protects military eq. and pers. from the effects of space weather

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2
Q

What key region affects EMW?

A

Ionosphere

~85 km -700 km

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3
Q

Negative effects in high vacuum (6)

A 
Lubricants evaporate
Gasses can contaminate optical path
Cold welding (metals weld together)
Whiskers from metallic surfaces
Atomic oxygen erosion
Materials can expel moisture, gases and volatile compounds that can damage hardware
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4
Q

Name the region of high radiation around the Earth

A

Van Allen Belts

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5
Q

Describe the Van Allen Belts (types and alts)

A

Inner: 1,600 km - 13,000 km

Outer: 19,000 km - 40,000 km

South Atlantic Anomaly: 200km alt.

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6
Q

What happens to the ionosphere in a day to night transition?

A

D region disappears
E region becomes weaker
F1 and F2 regions merge to become a single F region

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7
Q

What are the Major characteristics of Space Environment (6)?

A 
Weak aerodynamic forces
Variable temperatures
High vacuum
Space debris
High levels of radiation
Fluctuating magnetic field
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8
Q

What phenomena are associated with Space Weather?

A 
CMEs
Solar flares
Solar wind
Solar radiation storms
Geomagnetic storms
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9
Q

What are the differences in time between CMEs and EM energy reaching Earth?

A

CMEs few hours to a few days (17 hrs - 96 hrs)

EM Energy: 8 mins

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10
Q

What geomagnetic storm is most hazardous?

A

Southward orientated

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11
Q

The continuous release of energetic particles is called…

A

…the solar wind

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12
Q

Name the 2 main effects of a southward orientated geomagnetic storm

A

Ground induced current

Severe ionospheric disturbances

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13
Q

What category is given to the most potent solar flares?

A

X (with no upper limit)

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14
Q

Names the classes of solar flares

A

A, B, C, M and X

X has no upper limit eg X9, X45

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15
Q

How might energetic particles disrupt satellite subsystems?

A

Interfere with electronics

Bit flips

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16
Q

What defence systems could impacted by Space Weather?

A 
Satellites
GNSS/GPS
Space-based RADAR
Ground-based RADAR
Systems dependent on magnetic field
Long range missile guidance
Avionics & aviation
Comms
Power
17
Q

Who provides the UK with space weather forecasting and warning?

A

MOSWOC (Met Office Space Weather Operations Centre)

18
Q

Who is the defence approved provider of Space Weather information?

A

UK SpOC

Space I (9 decks)

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