2. Science of Psychology Flashcards
1
Q
Where is the 1st ever experimental psychology lab and who is it by
A
In Leipzig, Germany. By Wilheim Wundt
2
Q
What did he believe in
A
- Introspection (self-observation) and measurement in a well-defined and well-controlled experimental situation
- Must study conscious experience using rigorous experimental methods.
3
Q
Types of experimental psychology (if you remember)
A
Structuralism, functionalism, behaviourism, gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis, applied psychologies (now)
4
Q
What is Functionalism and who is the father?
A
- Inspired by Darwinism
- Analyse the adaptive actions (behaviour) from mental processes
5
Q
What is Structuralism and who is the father?
A
- Analyse and describe the elementary structure of the brain
- Elements of consciousness —experimentation—> complex aggregate mental structures (in the brain)
- Edward Tichener
6
Q
What does Tichener’s introspective method involve?
A
- Subjects are trained to conduct good introspection, can analyse their own elements of perception
- Able to successfully obtain indirect info about mental processes
7
Q
What are the problems of introspection?
A
- Insists on gaining insight on the structure of the brain through direct self-observation with purpose-trained subjects
- Violates fundamental scientific principle of objectivity and replicability
8
Q
What is behaviourism, who are the baba
A
- Psychology is the science of behaviour, abandon introspection
- John B Watson + Ivan Pavlov
9
Q
Who is Pavlov and what did he believe in?
A
- Psychology = Physiology + Materialism (Descartes reflexes) + Associationism
10
Q
Who is Freud and what did he believe in
A
- Psychoanalysis
- Psychology of the unconscious - subjective intepretation in analytical dialogue between patient and psychoanalyst
- Unconscious processes important
11
Q
Little Albert
A
- Watson’s
- Phobia by classic conditioning
- Made Little Albert have a phobia of rabbits by ding dong dong
12
Q
Little Hans
A
- Freud’s
- Phobia due to Oedipus complex
13
Q
Triumph of behaviourism
A
- Psychology is the science of behaviour
- Establish S-R laws to predict and control behaviour
- Psychology must use animal models to study the law of behaviour, and apply the same models to humans
