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Chemistry - Module 3 > 2) Reactivity Trends > Flashcards

2) Reactivity Trends Flashcards

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1
Q

Use ‘Reactivity Trends’ card to test knowledge of the reaction between a group 2 metal and oxygen.

A

Rate knowledge 1-5.

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2
Q

Use ‘Reactivity Trends’ card to test knowledge of the reaction between a group 2 metal and water.

A

Rate knowledge 1-5.

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3
Q

What is formed when an acid reacts with a metal?

A

Salt + Hydrogen.

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4
Q

State and explain the trend in first and second ionisation energies of group 2 elements down the group.

A

The ionisation energies decrease down the group because the attraction between the nucleus and the outer electrons and decreases as a result of increased atomic radius and increased shielding.

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5
Q

Use ‘Reactivity Trends’ card to test knowledge of the reaction between a group 2 oxides and water.

A

Rate knowledge 1-5.

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6
Q

What is the trend in the solubility of group 2 hydroxides?

A
  • Solubility increases.
  • pH increases.
  • Alkalinity increases.
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7
Q

What is calcium hydroxide used as in agriculture?

A

To neutralise acidic soil.

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8
Q

What are magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate both commonly used as?

A

‘Antacids’ in treating indigestion.

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9
Q

Explain the trend in boiling points down the halogens.

A
  • More electrons.
  • Stronger London forces.
  • More energy required to break the intermolecular forces.
  • Boiling point increases.
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10
Q

Explain the trend in reactivity down the halogens.

A
  • Atomic radius increases.
  • More inner shells so shielding increases.
  • Less nuclear attraction to capture an electron from another species.
  • Reactivity decreases.
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11
Q

What colour is Cl2 in water?

A

Pale green.

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12
Q

What colour is Br2 in water?

A

Orange.

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13
Q

What colour is I2 in water?

A

Brown.

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14
Q

What colour is Cl2 in cyclohexane?

A

Pale green.

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15
Q

What colour is Br2 in cyclohexane?

A

Orange.

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16
Q

What colour is I2 in cyclohexane?

A

Violet.

17
Q

What is the reaction of Cl-(aq) with Br2?

A

No reaction.

18
Q

What is the reaction of Cl-(aq) with I2?

A

No reaction.

19
Q

What is the reaction of Br-(aq) with Cl2?

A

Orange colour from Br2 formation.

20
Q

What is the reaction of Br-(aq) with I2?

A

No reaction.

21
Q

What is the reaction of I-(aq) with Cl2?

A

Violet colour from I2 formation.

22
Q

What is the reaction of I-(aq) with Br2?

A

Violet colour from I2 formation.

23
Q

Define disproportionation.

A

Oxidation and reduction of the same element.

24
Q

Use ‘Reactivity Trends’ card to test knowledge of the reaction between chlorine and water.

A

Rate knowledge 1-5.

25
Q

Use ‘Reactivity Trends’ card to test knowledge of the reaction between chlorine and cold, dilute, aqueous sodium hydroxide.

A

Rate knowledge 1-5.

26
Q

What is the benefit of using chlorine in water treatment?

A

Kills bacteria.

27
Q

What is the risk of using chlorine in water treatment?

A

Chlorine gas is toxic.

28
Q

What is the sulfate test?

A

A white precipitate is formed when Ba2+ ions are added to a solution of sulfate ions.

29
Q

What is the carbonate test?

A

White precipitate turns the limewater milky.

30
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate formed when Cl- ions react with silver ions? Also, give the solubility of the solution in ammonia.

A
  • Colour of precipitate: White

- Solubility in NH3: Soluble in dilute NH3.

31
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate formed when Br- ions react with silver ions? Also, give the solubility of the solution in ammonia.

A
  • Colour of precipitate: Cream

- Solubility in NH3: Soluble in conc. NH3.

32
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate formed when I- ions react with silver ions? Also, give the solubility of the solution in ammonia.

A
  • Colour of precipitate: Yellow

- Solubility in NH3: Insoluble in conc. NH3.

33
Q

What is the test for the ammonium ion, NH4+?

A

Reaction with warm NaOH to form NH3.

34
Q

Describe what you would expect to see when magnesium ribbon is added to an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid.

A
  • Fizzes/bubbles.

- Mg dissolves.

35
Q

Describe one difference you might observe if strontium, instead of magnesium, was reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid.

A

Quicker/more vigorous reaction.

36
Q

Describe and explain the trend, down the group, in the reactivity of the Group 2 elements with water.

A
  • Reactivity increases down the group.
  • Atomic radii increase.
  • There is more shielding.
  • Nuclear attraction decreases.
  • Easier to remove outer electrons.
37
Q

Explain, in terms of electrons, what is meant by oxidation.

A

Loss of electrons.

38
Q

Old samples of magnesium oxide become contaminated with magnesium carbonate. Suggest how this contamination takes place.

A

MgO has reacted with CO2.

39
Q

Explain, in terms of electrons, what is meant by reduction.

A

Gain of electrons.

Chemistry - Module 3 (4 decks)

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