✅2 - Nucleic Acids Flashcards
What are individual nucleotides made up?
- a penthouse sugar
- a phosphate group
- a nitrogen containing organic base (C,T,U,A,G)
How are the 3 components joined?
As a result of condensation reactions
What is a phosphodiester bond?
The bond between the deoxyribose of one mononucleotide and the phosphate group of another
A=
Adenine
T=
Thymine
G=
Guanine
C=
Cytosine
U=
Uracil
What is a dinucleotide?
When two nucleotides are by need together
What is a polynucleotide?
The continued linking of mononucleotides forming a long chain
What 4 bases does RNA have?
A,C,G,U
Describe the structure of RNA:
A single, relatively short polynucleotide chain where the pentose sugar is always ribose.
What are the 3 types on RNA involved in?
- transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes
- ribosomes are made up of a type of RNA
- involved in protein synthesis
Describe the structure of DNA:
The pentose sugar deoxyribose, making up two strands of polynucleotides, each of which are extremely long and joined by hydrogen bonds
What are the complimentary pairs?
A-T
G-C