2. Nervous Tissue: Structure and Function

Question 1

Supporting Cells (CNS Neuroglia)
Anchor neurons to capillaries; regulate the blood-brain barrier

Answer 1

Astrocytes

Question 2

Supporting Cells (CNS Neuroglia)
Act as immune cells, removing debris and pathogens.

Answer 2

Microglia

Question 3

Supporting Cells (CNS Neuroglia)
Line the brain’s ventricles and spinal cord; circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 3

Ependymal Cells

Question 4

Supporting Cells (CNS Neuroglia)
Form the myelin sheath around CNS neurons, insulating axons to speed impulse transmission.

Answer 4

Oligodendrocytes

Question 5

Supporting Cells (PNS Neuroglia)
Produce myelin sheath in the PNS

Answer 5

Schwann

Question 6

Supporting Cells (PNS Neuroglia)
Protect and cushion PNS neurons

Answer 6

Satellite

Question 7

(Structure)
Contains the nucleus and metabolic organelles.

Answer 7

Cell Body

Question 8

(Structure)
Receive signals and transmit them to the cell body

Answer 8

Dendrites

Question 9

(Structure)
Conducts electrical signals away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles

Answer 9

Axon

Question 10

(Structure)
Insulating layer that increases impulse speed

Answer 10

Myelin Sheath

Question 11

(Types of Neurons)
Transmit signals to the CNS

Answer 11

Sensory Neurons

Question 12

(Types of Neurons)
Send commands from the CNS to muscles/glands

Answer 12

Motor Neurons

Question 13

(Types of Neurons)
Bridge sensory and motor neurons within the CNS

Answer 13

Interneurons

Question 14

(Key Functions)
Electrical signals traveling along neurons

Answer 14

Nerve Impulses

Question 15

(Key Functions)
Junction where neurons communicate via neurotransmitters

Answer 15

Synapse