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Year 2: Anatomy Revision > 2. Muscles of the Shoulder > Flashcards

2. Muscles of the Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

Name the superficial extrinsic muscles of the shoulder

A

Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

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2
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius?

A

Accessory nerve

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3
Q

How is the integrity of the accessory nerve assessed?

A

Asking the patient to shrug their shoulders

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4
Q

How can the accessory nerve be damaged?

A

Cervical lymph node biopsy

Internal jugular vein cannulation

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5
Q

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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6
Q

Name the deep extrinsic muscles of the shoulder

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major

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7
Q

What nerve innervates the deep group of extrinsic muscles?

A

Dorsal scapula nerve

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8
Q

What is the function of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevates the scapula

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9
Q

Name the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder

A

Deltoid
Teres major
4 rotator cuff muscles

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10
Q

Name the 4 rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

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11
Q

What nerve innervates the deltoid?

A

Axillary

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12
Q

What is the function of the anterior deltoid fibres?

A

Flexion of the arm at the shoulder

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13
Q

What is the function of the posterior deltoid fibres?

A

Extension of the arm at the shoulder

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14
Q

What is the function of the middle deltoid fibres?

A

Major abductor of the arm (takes over from supraspinatus at 15 degrees)

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15
Q

What nerve innervates teres major?

A

Subscapular

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16
Q

What is the function of teres major?

A

Adduction + medial rotation of the arm

17
Q

What nerve innervates supraspinatus, infraspinatus and subscapularis?

A

Subscapular

18
Q

What nerve innervates teres minor?

A

Axillary

19
Q

What does supraspinatus do?

A

ABducts arm (to 15 degrees)

20
Q

What does infraspinatus do?

A

rotates arm laterally

21
Q

What does subscapularis do?

A

ADDucts and rotates arm medially

22
Q

What does teres minor do?

A

ADDucts and rotates arm laterally

23
Q

Which rotator cuff muscle is most commonly injured?

A

supraspinatus

Year 2: Anatomy Revision (5 decks)

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