2. MEF Fundamental Components and Reference Models Flashcards
Interface between two Operator MEN/CEN networks
ENNI
External Network-Network Interface
What MEF specification extends the basic reference model to define MEF services across multiple networks, with each MEN (CEN) independently owned and operated?
MEF 26.1
Service provider responsibility
from UNI to UNI
Operator responsibility
ENNI to UNI
In the General Reference Model, the independent networks are called what?
Operator MENs or Operator CENs
Interface between two Operator MEN/CENs
ENNI
External Network-to-Network Interface
True or False: In the General Reference Model, the Carrier Ethernet service is unchanged from the subscriber’s perspective.
True
In the General Reference Model how many Carrier Ethernet service providers are responsible for the service as a whole?
Only one
In the General Reference Model, the Carrier Ethernet service is implemented with how many EVCs connecting two or more UNIs?
Exactly one EVC (per Carrier Ethernet service)
True or False: In the general reference model, the basic reference model is sufficient to define the service from the subscriber’s perspective.
True
True or False: The General Reference Model adds details of implementation that are only important to the service provider and subcontracting operators.
True
True or False: A UNI, in general, can support more than one EVC.
True
Association of multiple EVCs to a single UNI
Service Multiplexing
Service multiplexing is a property of what?
A UNI
Is service multiplexing a property of the Carrier Ethernet service or EVC?
No.
Service multiplexing is a property of a UNI.
Key benefit of service multiplexing
Allows services to share UNIs, saving ports (physical connections) on subscriber and service provider edge equipment.
Ethernet frames are assigned to EVCs at UNIs based on what?
VLAN ID
Can an Ethernet frame be assigned to more than one EVC?
No.
An Ethernet frame transmitted across the UNI toward the SP or an Ethernet frame transmitted across the UNI toward the subscriber
Service Frame
True or False: All service frames are either:
1) untagged or
2) include an IEEE 802.1Q customer tag in the Ethernet header.
True
Includes 12 bits representing one of 4094 values that are used to identify the VLAN to which the Ethernet frame belongs.
VLAN Identifier (VID)
Two values in the VLAN ID (VID) space reserved for other uses and not available to identify subscriber VLANs.
0 and FFF
Two highest level C-Tag field groupings
- TPID (always 8100)
2. TCI (composed of PCP, CFI, and VID)
Length of VID field in TCI section of C-Tag
12 bits
Length of PCP field in TCI section of C-Tag
3 bits
Length of TPID field in C-Tag
16 bits
Length of CFI field in TCI section of C-Tag
1 bit
In IEEE 802.1Q (1998), what are the 3 PCP bits called?
User Priority bits
What are IEEE 802.1Q (1998) User Priority bits called in IEEE 802.1Q (2005)?
PCP bits
Two other terms used for PCP or User Priority bits
- P-bits
2. 802.1p bits
5 fields of an untagged IEEE 802.1Q (2005) Ethernet frame
- Destination MAC
- Source MAC
- Type / Length
- Payload
- FCS
6 fields of an tagged IEEE 802.1Q (2005) Ethernet frame
- Destination MAC
- Source MAC
- C-Tag
- Type / Length
- Payload
- FCS
Value of the TPID field in a C-Tag in an IEEE 802.1Q (2005) Ethernet frame
8100
An Ethernet frame that is either untagged or includes a single C-Tag (VLAN tag with TPID = 8100)
IEEE 802.1Q-2005 Ethernet frame
A C-Tag (VLAN tag with TPID = 8100)
IEEE 802.1Q Customer Tag
IEEE 802.1Q Customer Tag
A C-Tag (VLAN tag with TPID = 8100)
Amendments included in IEEE 802.1Q-2011
- IEEE 802.1ad - Provider Bridging
- IEEE 802.1ah - Provider Backbone Bridging
- IEEE 802.1Qay - Provider Backbone Bridging with TE extensions
IEEE 802.1Qay
Provider Backbone Bridging with Traffic Engineering (TE) extensions
IEEE 802.1ad
Provider Bridging
IEEE 802.1ah
Provider Backbone Bridging
An untagged Ethernet frame has how many more bytes than its payload?
18 bytes more
Excluding payload, how many bytes are in an untagged Ethernet frame?
18
Number of bytes in a MAC address
6
Size of Type/Length field in an Ethernet frame
2 bytes
Size of FCS field in an Ethernet frame
4 bytes
Length of a Tagged Ethernet frame not including the payload
22 bytes
Size of the C-Tag field in a tagged Ethernet frame
4 bytes
Maximum payload for a standard 802.3 Ethernet frame
1500 bytes
Maximum length of a C-Tagged Ethernet frame
1522 bytes
Maximum length of an untagged Ethernet frame
1518 bytes
6 components of a Layer 2 Ethernet frame
- Destination MAC
- Source MAC
- C-Tag (if a Tagged frame)
- Type/Length
- Payload
- FCS
Two fields in a Layer 1 Ethernet frame which are not present in a Layer 2 Ethernet frame
- Interframe Gap
2. Preamble & Start
8 fields in a Layer 1 Ethernet frame
- Interframe Gap
- Preamble & Start
- Destination MAC
- Source MAC
- C-Tag (if a Tagged frame)
- Type / Length
- Payload
- FCS
Length of Interframe Gap in a Layer 1 Ethernet frame
12 bytes
Length of Preamble & Start in a Layer 1 Ethernet frame
8 bytes
True or False: Ethernet is both a Layer 1 technology and a Layer 2 technology.
True
How many more bytes are in a Layer 1 Ethernet frame compared to a Layer 2 Ethernet frame?
20 more bytes
(12 bytes of Interframe Gap and 8 bytes of Preamble & Start
Refers to the IEEE 802.1Q customer tag in the Ethernet header of a service frame
CE-VLAN tag
Two common terms for the CE-VLAN tag
- C-VLAN tag
2. C-Tag
Refers to the VLAN Identifier (VID) in the CE-VLAN tag
CE-VLAN ID
Number of usable values in the 12-bit VID
4094
VID reserved values
0 and FFF
How is the CE-VLAN tag used to assign a service frame to a service (an EVC)?
- The subscriber marks the service frame with a CE-VLAN ID before sending it across the UNI to the SP.
- When the service frame arrives at the UNI, the SP associates the service frame to an EVC based on the CE-VLAN ID.
Mapping of CE-VLAN IDs to EVCs (per UNI) requires what?
Coordination between the subscriber and the service provider
In a general sense, what term implies that multiple CE-VLAN IDs are assign to a single EVC?
Bundling
In MED service definitions, what term describes a UNI’s ability to support the assignment of multiple CE-VLAN IDs to an EVC?
Bundling
Association of multiple CE-VLAN IDs to an EVC at a UNI
Bundling
Association of all service frames to one EVC at the UNI
All-to-one Bundling
True or False: In MEF service definitions, bundling and all-to-one bundling are mutually exclusive.
True.
A UNI can support bundling or all-to-one bundling, but not both.
True or False: A UNI can support bundling or all-to-one bundling, but not both.
True.
Bundling and all-to-one bundling are mutually exclusive.
Associates multiple EVCs to a UNI
Service Multiplexing
Can bundling and service multiplexing co-exist on the same UNI?
Yes
Can a UNI support service multiplexing together with all-to-one bundling? Why or why not?
No.
All-to-one bundling implies that all service frames map to ONE EVC.
A service frame cannot map to more than one EVC.
Service multiplexing implies more than one EVC is associated with the UNI.
Three main Carrier Ethernet service types defined MEF 6.1
- E-Line
- E-LAN
- E-Tree
For each main service type (E-Line, E-LAN, and E-Tree), the MEF defines which two services?
- A port-based, or private, service.
2. A VLAN-based, or virtual private, service.
3 Port-Based (All-to-One Bundling) Carrier Ethernet Services
- EPL (Ethernet Private Line)
- EP-LAN (Ethernet Private LAN)
- EP-Tree (Ethernet Private Tree)
3 VLAN-Based (Ethernet frames mapped by VLAN ID) Carrier Ethernet Services
- EVPL (Ethernet Virtual Private Line)
- EVP-LAN (Ethernet Virtual Private LAN)
- EVP-Tree (Ethernet Virtual Private Tree)
Two types of E-Line (point-to-point EVC) Carrier Ethernet services
- EPL (Ethernet Private Line) [Port-Based (All-to-One Bundling)]
- EVPL (Ethernet Virtual Private Line) [VLAN-Based (Ethernet frames mapped by VLAN)]
Two types of E-LAN (multipoint-to-multipoint EVC) Carrier Ethernet services
- EP-LAN (Ethernet Private LAN) [Port-Based (All-to-One Bundling)]
- EVP-LAN (Ethernet Virtual Private LAN) [VLAN-Based (Ethernet frames mapped by VLAN ID)b
Two types of E-Tree (rooted-multipoint EVC) Carrier Ethernet services
- EP-Tree (Ethernet Private Tree) [Port-Based (All-to-One Bundling)]
- EVP-Tree (Ethernet Virtual Private Tree) [VLAN-Based (Ethernet frames mapped by VLAN ID)
True or False: In a port-based (or private) service, all UNIs are configured for all-to-one bundling, and all service frames are mapped to the EVC, regardless of CE-VLAN ID.
True
Port-based service is also referred to as what?
Private service
Private service is also referred to as what?
Port-Based Service