2: Joint Disorders Of The Knee Flashcards
How will OA of the knee present
- Functionally-limiting knee pain
- Worse on walking downstairs
- Presents with ‘locking’ sensation of the joint
What causes meniscal tear
rotational injuries
What is a sign of meniscal injury
pain on palpating over the joint line
How will a MCL tear present
‘pop’ at the time of injury
What age group does Osgood-Schlatter disease occur
15-19y
How will Osgood-Schlatter disease present
anterior knee pain
What causes IT band syndrome
repeated flexion and extension of the knee
How will IT band syndrome present
lateral knee pain
How will patellofemoral pain syndrome present
anterior knee pain worse on ascending and descending the stairs
what is OA of the knee
degeneration of articular cartilage
what is the commonest form of OA
knee
in which gender is OA of the knee more common
female
how does the incidence of knee OA vary with age
increases with age
how can the aetiology of knee OA be divided
primary vs. secondary
what is primary knee OA
OA of the knee with no underlying cause
what is secondary knee OA
OA of the knee secondary to an underlying cause
what are 4 causes of secondary knee OA
- Genus valgum
- Genus varum
- Meniscal tears
- Cruciate ligament rupture
what are 5 modifiable risk factors of knee OA
- Occupation (repetitive bending/extension knee)
- Muscle weakness
- trauma
- Obesity
- Metabolic syndrome
what are 3 non-modifiable risk factors of knee OA
- Age
- Female
- Fhx
what are the symptoms of knee OA
- Function-limiting pain
- Worse on walking downstairs
- Locking and catching sensation of the knee
how do you differentiate knee from hip OA
Knee OA is worse on walking downstairs
Hip OA is worse on walking upstairs
what sign is positive in knee OA
Patella apprehension test
briefly explain the pathophysiology of knee OA
‘wear and tear’ causes degeneration of the cartilage. This increases friction between bones resulting in inflammation due to TNFa, IL1 and IL6
What is the criteria to be able to diagnose knee OA clinically
- > 45y
- Activity-related joint pain
- No morning stiffness (or morning stiffness less than 30m)