2. IOT NETWORK PROTOCOLS Flashcards
49 Questions
In BLE terminology, what is a ‘GATT’?
a. Generic Audio Transmission Technology
b. Generic Attribute Profile
c. Generic Authentication Transfer Tool
d. Generic Access Transmission Technique
Generic Attribute Profile
LoRa’s spreading factor affects which of the following?
a. Power consumption only
b. Operating frequency
c. Data rate and range
d. Modulation technique
Data rate and range
Which standard does HaLow follow for wireless communication?
a. 802.11ah
b. 802.11b
c. 802.11ac
d. 802.11n
802.11ah
Link Budget …
a. refers to the amount of loss that a data link (transmitter to receiver) can tolerate in order to operate properly.
b. refers to the amount of loss that a data link (transmitter to receiver) should have.
c. refers to the difference between the minimum expected power received at the receiver’s end, and the receiver’s sensitivity.
d. refers to a connection between two entities.
refers to the amount of loss that a data link (transmitter to receiver) can tolerate in order to operate properly.
Which Sub-GHz ISM frequency does LoRa operate in Singapore?
a. 2.4 Ghz
b. 868 Mhz
c. 466 Mhz
d. 923 Mhz
923 Mhz
In LoRa, which class does the following end device fall under:
Battery-powered actuators, Energy efficient with latency controlled downlink, Slotted communication synchronized with a beacon.
a. D
b. B
c. C
d. A
B
Which of the following do not contribute to routing in a ZigBee network?
a. ZigBee Router
b. ZigBee End Device
c. ZigBee Master
d. ZigBee Coordinator
ZigBee End Device
ZigBee End Devices do not participate in the routing of data. They are typically designed to conserve power and often act as leaf nodes in the network, communicating directly with a parent node (which can be a ZigBee Router or ZigBee Coordinator) but not routing data from other devices.
Bluetooth is designed for short broadcast. There are forty 2-Mhz channels. How many of these channels are reserved for advertising? (enter numerical number)
3
Which frequency does Z-Wave operate on?
a. 433 Mhz
b. 868 Mhz
c. 2.4 Ghz
d. 5 Ghz
868 Mhz
What is the maximum data rate of latest BLE?
a. 1 Mbps
b. 3 Mbps
c. 2 Mbps
d. 4 Mbps
2 Mbps
What is the role of Zigbee end devices in the Zigbee network?
a. Communicates with other nodes
b. Controls the network
c. Both
d. None
Communicates with other nodes
Z-Wave is an implementation of a ZigBee protocol.
a. True
b. False
False
Which class of LoRaWAN is designed for bidirectional end-devices with scheduled receive slots?
a. Class C
b. Class D
c. Class A
d. Class B
Class B
Class A: Primarily focuses on battery efficiency and uses random receive windows after sending transmissions.
Class B: Offers bi-directional communication with scheduled receive slots enabled by beacon synchronization.
Class C: Aims for near-continuous connection with minimal receive windows but high power consumption.
Class D: Is still under development and not widely used yet.
What is the purpose of Zigbee communication?
a. Healthcare
b. Industrial Control
c. Home Automation
d. All of the above
All of the above
Which version of Bluetooth introduced BLE?
a. Bluetooth 4.0
b. Bluetooth 2.0
c. Bluetooth 5.0
d. Bluetooth 3.0
Bluetooth 4.0
In LoRa, what does increasing the spreading factor (SF) do to the signal’s range and data rate?
a. Increases range and decreases data rate
b. Decreases both range and data rate
c. Decreases range and increases data rate
d. Increases range and data rate
Increases range and decreases data rate
Which of the following is not a feature of Zigbee? (choose the best one)
a. High Security
b. Low Power Consumption
c. Real-time Communication
d. Large Bandwidth
Large Bandwidth
What is a characteristic of BLE’s ‘Advertising’ mode?
a. Secure data encryption.
b. High data transfer rate.
c. Device discovery and connection establishment.
d. Long-range communication.
Device discovery and connection establishment.
What does ‘Pairing’ in BLE involve?
a. Broadcasting data to multiple devices.
b. Exchanging security keys for secure communication.
c. Connecting two devices for data transfer.
d. Adjusting the power level for optimal connection.
Exchanging security keys for secure communication.
LoRa modulation technique sits at which OSI layer?
a. Physical
b. Transport
c. Presentation
d. Session
e. Application
f. Datalink
g. Network
Physical
LoRa modulation is a variation of …
a. Chord Spread Spectrum
b. Chord Space Spectrum
c. Chirp Spread Spectrum
d. Chirp Spectrum Sector
Chirp Spread Spectrum
What type of modulation is used in LoRa?
a. Amplitude Modulation (AM)
b. Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS)
c. Phase-Shift Keying (PSK)
d. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS)
What does LoRaWAN stand for?
a. Long Range Wide Area Network
b. Logical Routing WAN
c. Low Range Wide Area Network
d. Low Radiation Wireless Access Network
Long Range Wide Area Network
What is the range typically achievable with BLE technology?
a. Up to 50 meters
b. Up to 150 meters
c. Up to 100 meters
d. Up to 10 meters
Up to 100 meters
Which of the following supports low energy radio operation?
a. HaLow
b. Bluetooth
c. BLE
d. WiFi
BLE
Which Class of LoRaWAN is best suited for applications requiring minimal latency?
a. Class B
b. Class A
c. Class D
d. Class C
Class C
What is the operating frequency of HaLow?
a. 5 Ghz
b. 900 Hz
c. 2.4 Ghz
d. Sub-1 Ghz
Sub-1 Ghz
What is the main function of the Device EUI in LoRaWAN?
a. To define the device’s operating frequency
b. To specify the data rate
c. To encrypt data
d. To identify the device uniquely on the network
To identify the device uniquely on the network
Which network topology is not supported by ZigBee?
a. Bus
b. Star
c. Cluster Tree
d. Mesh
Bus
LoRaWAN’s network server is responsible for:
a. Processing and forwarding data to application servers
b. Managing the radio frequency spectrum
c. Controlling the power output of end devices
d. Directly interacting with end-user applications
Processing and forwarding data to application servers
Zigbee have a transport layer.
a. False
b. True
False
Which of the following is needed to be a “ZigBee Compliant Product”
a. ZigBee Stack
b. IEEE 802.15.4
c. IEEE 802.11
d. Application Profile
- ZigBee Stack
- IEEE 802.15.4
- Application Profile
What is the main advantages of using LoRa for IoT applications?
a. High data rate
b. Low data rate
c. Low power consumption
d. Long range
Low power consumption
Long range
In BLE, what is the role of a ‘Central’ device?
a. It only receives data.
b. It connects to and controls peripheral devices.
c. It acts as an intermediary between two devices.
d. It broadcasts data to peripheral devices.
It connects to and controls peripheral devices.
Which of the following Topology does Bluetooth 4.0 support?
a. Mesh
b. Scatter Net
c. Star
d. Ring
Star
What does LoRa stand for?
a. Long Resonance
b. Low Range
c. Long Radio
d. Long Range
Long Range
What is the typical range of HaLow compared to traditional Wi-Fi?
a. Same range
b. Shorter range
c. Longer range
d. Unlimited range
Longer range
Which frequency band does BLE operate in?
a. 5.0 GHz
b. 2.4 GHz
c. 433 MHz
d. 868 MHz
e. 915 MHz
2.4 GHz
LoRaWAN modulation technique sits at which OSI layer?
a. Presentation
b. Application
c. Transport
d. Physical
e. Network
f. Session
d. Datalink
Datalink
LoRa is primarily used for?
a. Long-range, low-power consumption
b. Short-range communication
c. Audio and video transmission
d. High-speed data transmission
Long-range, low-power consumption
What is the main advantages of HaLow over traditional Wi-Fi technologies?
a. Lower power consumption
b. Better security
c. Greater range
d. Faster speeds
- Lower power consumption
- Greater range
Which feature distinguishes BLE from Classic Bluetooth?
a. Longer range.
b. Lower energy consumption.
c. Higher data transfer rates.
d. Better audio quality.
Lower energy consumption.
BLE supports which kind of communication topology?
a. Point-to-Point
b. Star
c. Bus
d. Mesh
- Point-to-Point
- Mesh
Which of the following schemes is used by Bluetooth?
a. Frequency hopping FDD scheme
b. Pyramid scheme
c. DSSS FDD scheme
d. DSSS TDD scheme
e. Frequency hopping TDD scheme
f. ABCDEFG scheme
g. VWXYZ scheme
Frequency hopping TDD scheme
What does BLE stand for?
a. Basic Link Encryption
b. Bluetooth Long Engagement
c. Bluetooth Low Energy
d. Bluetooth Low Efficiency
Bluetooth Low Energy
What is the role of Zigbee routers in the Zigbee network?
a. Acts as a relay between other nodes
b. Controls the network
c. Both
d. None
Acts as a relay between other nodes
BLE is particularly designed for:
a. Audio streaming
b. Long-distance communication
c. High-speed data transfer
d. Short-range, low-power communication
Short-range, low-power communication
What is the main drawback of using LoRa for IoT applications?
a. High power consumption
b. Limited data rate
c. Long range
d. Short range
Limited data rate
What is the role of Zigbee coordinator in the Zigbee network?
a. Controls the network
b. Communicates with other nodes
c. Both
d. None
- Controls the network
- Communicates with other nodes