2- Internal Surfaces Of The Body Flashcards
Describe the structural relationships between epithelia and closely associated tissues (glands, connective tissue, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae) comprising GASTROINTESTINAL mucosae and discuss how the structure is related to function.
The jenjunum in the ingesting has plicae circulates which are folds of mucosa and submucosa that project into the gut lumen.
The gut wall has 4 layers: a mucous membrane (mucosa), submucosa, external muscle layers and the serosa.
The mucosae membrane consists of an epithelium (in large intestine this is simple columnar for excretion) , the lamina propria and muscularis mucosae.
The submucosa consists of a layer of connective tissue bearing glands, arteries, veins and nerves.
The muscularis externa consists of 2 layers of smooth muscle, the inner layer has central nuclei (transverse) and the outer layer cigar shaped (longitudinal). This allows the gut to push food along it.
The serosa is a serous membrane consisting of a mesothelium and lamina propria.
The oesophageal is similar however epithelium is stratisfied squamous non-keritinized and instead of an outermost serosa there is an adventita, a thin outerlayer of connective tissue.
In the stomach there are 3 layers of muscularis externa, oblique, circular and longitudinal. There are also folds of mucosa called ruble.
Describe the structural relationships between epithelia and closely associated tissues (glands, connective tissue, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae) comprising URINARY mucosae and discuss how the structure is related to function.
The urethra, ureter and bladder contain transitional epithelium, fibroelastic lamina propria and circular muscularis externa.
The penile urethra contains stratisfied columnar epithelium surrounded by erectile tissue.
Describe the structural relationships between epithelia and closely associated tissues (glands, connective tissue, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae) comprising RESPIRATORY mucosae and discuss how the structure is related to function.
The trachea contains a C shaped ring of cartilage around the submucosa for protection this surrounds the mucosa which contains ciliated columnar epithelium. Bronchus also has cartilage for support whereas a bronchioles has no cartilage and the surrounding alveoli keep the lumen open.
Type 1 alveoli are squamous and permit has exchange. Type 2 (10%) are cuboidal and produce surfactant to reduce surface tension.
