2 - Injury prevention

Question 1

Name all the injury prevention methods?

Answer 1

• Screening
• Protective Equipment
• Warm-up
• Flexibility Training
• Taping and Bracing

Question 2

Define and explain Screening?

Answer 2

A test or questions that can identify musculoskeletal injuries prior to performance

• Involves a ECG (electrocardiogram) which can assess and monitor the hearts electrical activity.
• Professionals use this to prevent injuries. It involves assessing muscle imbalances, core strength, range of movement, postural alignment and mobility.

Question 3

Name the disadvantages of screening?

Answer 3

• Screening can cause anxiety in performers or identify a problem that doesn’t exist (false positive) or miss a problem (false negative).
• It isn’t 100% accurate

Question 4

Define and name examples of protective equipment in sport?

Answer 4

Wearing the correct equipment can help reduce injuries in sport.
Examples include;
- Football (ankle and shin pads)
- Rugby (scrum cap, gum shield, body armour)
- Cricket (batting pads, thigh pads, box, helmet, gloves)
- Hockey (leg guard, shin guard, pads, kickers, face mask for short corners, gloves, helmet)
- Squash (eye guards)

Question 5

Explain how a warm up is an injury prevention method?

Answer 5

A warm up stops injuries;

• Raises body temperature
• Blood flow increases increasing the amount of O2 and nutrients to the muscle
• Increased elasticity of muscles
• Joints and tendons prepare for strenuous activity
• Heart rate increases
• Respiratory rate increases

Question 6

Name the 3 phases of a warm-up?

Answer 6

General pulse raiser
Stretching
Sports specific

Question 7

Explain flexibility training is an injury prevention method and name the 4 types?

Answer 7

Flexibility training should involve the joints and muscles that will be most active during the activity.
The 4 types are; (BAPS)
- Ballistic (using swinging and bouncing movements)
- Active (when a stretched position is held by the contraction of an agonist muscle)
- Passive (use of an external force to help the stretched position e.g a wall or partner)
- Static (when a muscle is held in a stationary position for 10 seconds or more)

Question 8

Explain how a taping and bracing is an injury prevention method?

Answer 8

• Weak joints can be supported and made more stable
• Stops further injury and allows rehabilitation to begin
• Kinesiology tape is used on muscles as it has less flexibility
• Bracing is more substantial and involves hinged supports
• Provides extra stability