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Business Studies A Level > 2. Human Resources > Flashcards

2. Human Resources Flashcards

Term 6 Miss Blackwell Continue HRM until Training

1
Q

Labour Turnover

A

Measuring the number of employees who have left the business, usually calculated as an annual percentage

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2
Q

What is the formula for labour turnover?

A

of employees leaving during year x 100 /average number employed during the year

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3
Q

Absenteeism

A

Employees are absent from work with minor medical illnesses such as upset stomach or headache

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4
Q

What is the formula for absenteeism?

A

Today days absent in the month x 100/ total available working days in the month

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5
Q

Short term absence

A

Off for a day/ few days

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6
Q

Long term absence

A

Off work for a lengthy period

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7
Q

Unauthorised absence

A

Refers to the short term absences

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8
Q

Authorised absence

A

An employee asks for a particular reason such as a medical appointment or important school meeting

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9
Q

What is the formula for lateness?

A

Total # of late arrivals x 100 / total number of scheduled attendances

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10
Q

What forms can be used to record lateness?

A

ACAS forms

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11
Q

What are some examples of valid reasons an employee may be late for work?

A

Childcare problems or traffic

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12
Q

Workforce productivity

A

A measure of output per employee in a particular period of time

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13
Q

What is the formula for productivity?

A

Output (per set time period) / Average number of employees

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14
Q

In which sector is productivity hard to measure?

A

In the tertiary sector - there is no physical product being produced

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15
Q

Why is the accuracy of the use of quantitative data limited when measuring workforce performance?

A
  1. Averages can be misleading
  2. Not all departments employ the same number of people
  3. A single figure in isolation is of limited use
  4. Numbers do not explain the situation
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16
Q

Holiday Entitlement

A

The UK statutory minimum is 28 days (including bank holidays). Businesses can offer above this (UK average is 33.5 days)

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17
Q

Performance Related Pay

A

A financial reward to employees whose work is considered to have reached a required standard. Generally used when work cannot be used in terms of output.

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18
Q

Recruitment

A

The process of bringing new employees into the business.

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19
Q

Why might a vacancy arise in a business?

A

The business is growing
An employee is promoted/demoted
An employee retires
The business introduces new tech

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20
Q

Job description

A

Document that describes the duties of a worker.

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21
Q

Person specification

A

A profile of the type of person needed for a job - their skills, experience and qualifications

22
Q

Internal Recruitment

A

The business looks to fill the vacancy from within its existing workforce

23
Q

What are the advantages of recruiting internally?

A

+ Cheaper and quicker to recruit

+ Provides opportunities for promotion which can be motivating

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of recruiting internally?

A
  • Limits the number of potential applicants

- May cause resentment amongst candidates not appointed

25
External Recruitment
The business looks to fill the vacancy from any suitable applicant outside the business.
26
What are the advantages of recruiting externally?
+ Outside people bring in new ideas | + People have a wide range of experience
27
What are the disadvantages of recruiting externally?
- More expensive due to advertising and interviews | - Selection process may not be effective enough to reveal the best candidate
28
What are the 6 pieces of info that should be included on a job advertisement?
``` Job location Salary details Number of hours, days and times Job summary Starting and closing date Any additional documents ```
29
Where are the 6 strategies a business could use to advertise a job?
``` Local Newspapers National Newspapers Specialist Magazines Own Websites Word of Mouth Shop Window ```
30
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: LOCAL NEWSPAPERS
+ Locals are attracted to vacancy | - Limited number of readers
31
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: NATIONAL NEWSPAPERS
+ Likely to target a more experienced audience | - Slow publishing process
32
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: SPECIALIST MAGAZINES
+ Attracts dedicated recruits | - Space is limited to describe the job
33
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: OWN WEBSITES
+ Easily accessible to all | - Potential employees may not immediately consider a business
34
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: WORD OF MOUTH
+ Costs nothing | - Lack of control over how it occurs
35
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: SHOP WINDOWS
+ Attracts locals | - Declining number of people on high streets
36
What are 3 ways that a business could recruit internally?
1. Promotions 2. From temporary to permanent 3. Hire retired employees in a freelance or part time position
37
What are 3 reasons why effective recruitment is important?
1. Hiring the right people = higher productivity 2. To ensure that the candidate will be a long term successful employee 3. Customers perceptions will be affected by the customer service provided
38
Selection
The process of deciding which applicant for a job a business should accept
39
What are 3 methods to collect information about the applicant before meeting him/her face to face?
Letter of application CV Application form
40
What does CV stand for?
Curriculum Vitae
41
What is a CV?
A document that the applicant designs including personal details/educational and employment history/ references and reasons for applying
42
What are the advantages of using CVs during the selection process?
+ Personalised + More applicants + Cuts waiting barrier
43
What are the disadvantages of using CVs during the selection process?
- No limit over amount - Outside interference - Hard to judge objectively
44
What is an application form?
A form on which questions set by the recruiter are answered by the candidate
45
What are the advantages of using application forms during the selection process?
+ Easy to identify qualifications + All applying care + Consistency
46
What are the disadvantages of using application forms during the selection process?
- Fewer applicants (EVAL: all applying care) | - Less personalised
47
Why might the following be included on an application form? 1. Previous employment 2. Availability 3. "More about you" questions
1. Concerns over reasons for leaving/amount of time spent there are identified 2. Identifies most flexible 3. Personality shown here
48
What is a letter of application?
A document sent with a CV/application form to provide additional information.
49
What is a letter of application also known as?
A covering letter
50
What are the key points to note about letters of application?
A4 Formal Key competences, educational history Show personality

Business Studies A Level (17 decks)

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