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Business Studies A Level > 2. Human Resources > Flashcards

2. Human Resources Flashcards

Term 6 Miss Blackwell Continue HRM until Training

1
Q

Labour Turnover

A

Measuring the number of employees who have left the business, usually calculated as an annual percentage

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2
Q

What is the formula for labour turnover?

A

of employees leaving during year x 100 /average number employed during the year

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3
Q

Absenteeism

A

Employees are absent from work with minor medical illnesses such as upset stomach or headache

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4
Q

What is the formula for absenteeism?

A

Today days absent in the month x 100/ total available working days in the month

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5
Q

Short term absence

A

Off for a day/ few days

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6
Q

Long term absence

A

Off work for a lengthy period

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7
Q

Unauthorised absence

A

Refers to the short term absences

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8
Q

Authorised absence

A

An employee asks for a particular reason such as a medical appointment or important school meeting

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9
Q

What is the formula for lateness?

A

Total # of late arrivals x 100 / total number of scheduled attendances

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10
Q

What forms can be used to record lateness?

A

ACAS forms

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11
Q

What are some examples of valid reasons an employee may be late for work?

A

Childcare problems or traffic

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12
Q

Workforce productivity

A

A measure of output per employee in a particular period of time

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13
Q

What is the formula for productivity?

A

Output (per set time period) / Average number of employees

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14
Q

In which sector is productivity hard to measure?

A

In the tertiary sector - there is no physical product being produced

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15
Q

Why is the accuracy of the use of quantitative data limited when measuring workforce performance?

A
  1. Averages can be misleading
  2. Not all departments employ the same number of people
  3. A single figure in isolation is of limited use
  4. Numbers do not explain the situation
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16
Q

Holiday Entitlement

A

The UK statutory minimum is 28 days (including bank holidays). Businesses can offer above this (UK average is 33.5 days)

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17
Q

Performance Related Pay

A

A financial reward to employees whose work is considered to have reached a required standard. Generally used when work cannot be used in terms of output.

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18
Q

Recruitment

A

The process of bringing new employees into the business.

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19
Q

Why might a vacancy arise in a business?

A

The business is growing
An employee is promoted/demoted
An employee retires
The business introduces new tech

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20
Q

Job description

A

Document that describes the duties of a worker.

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21
Q

Person specification

A

A profile of the type of person needed for a job - their skills, experience and qualifications

22
Q

Internal Recruitment

A

The business looks to fill the vacancy from within its existing workforce

23
Q

What are the advantages of recruiting internally?

A

+ Cheaper and quicker to recruit

+ Provides opportunities for promotion which can be motivating

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of recruiting internally?

A
  • Limits the number of potential applicants

- May cause resentment amongst candidates not appointed

25
Q

External Recruitment

A

The business looks to fill the vacancy from any suitable applicant outside the business.

26
Q

What are the advantages of recruiting externally?

A

+ Outside people bring in new ideas

+ People have a wide range of experience

27
Q

What are the disadvantages of recruiting externally?

A
  • More expensive due to advertising and interviews

- Selection process may not be effective enough to reveal the best candidate

28
Q

What are the 6 pieces of info that should be included on a job advertisement?

A 
Job location
Salary details
Number of hours, days and times
Job summary
Starting and closing date
Any additional documents
29
Q

Where are the 6 strategies a business could use to advertise a job?

A 
Local Newspapers
National Newspapers
Specialist Magazines
Own Websites
Word of Mouth 
Shop Window
30
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: LOCAL NEWSPAPERS

A

+ Locals are attracted to vacancy

- Limited number of readers

31
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: NATIONAL NEWSPAPERS

A

+ Likely to target a more experienced audience

- Slow publishing process

32
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: SPECIALIST MAGAZINES

A

+ Attracts dedicated recruits

- Space is limited to describe the job

33
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: OWN WEBSITES

A

+ Easily accessible to all

- Potential employees may not immediately consider a business

34
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: WORD OF MOUTH

A

+ Costs nothing

- Lack of control over how it occurs

35
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of advertising a job using: SHOP WINDOWS

A

+ Attracts locals

- Declining number of people on high streets

36
Q

What are 3 ways that a business could recruit internally?

A
  1. Promotions
  2. From temporary to permanent
  3. Hire retired employees in a freelance or part time position
37
Q

What are 3 reasons why effective recruitment is important?

A
  1. Hiring the right people = higher productivity
  2. To ensure that the candidate will be a long term successful employee
  3. Customers perceptions will be affected by the customer service provided
38
Q

Selection

A

The process of deciding which applicant for a job a business should accept

39
Q

What are 3 methods to collect information about the applicant before meeting him/her face to face?

A

Letter of application
CV
Application form

40
Q

What does CV stand for?

A

Curriculum Vitae

41
Q

What is a CV?

A

A document that the applicant designs including personal details/educational and employment history/ references and reasons for applying

42
Q

What are the advantages of using CVs during the selection process?

A

+ Personalised
+ More applicants
+ Cuts waiting barrier

43
Q

What are the disadvantages of using CVs during the selection process?

A
  • No limit over amount
  • Outside interference
  • Hard to judge objectively
44
Q

What is an application form?

A

A form on which questions set by the recruiter are answered by the candidate

45
Q

What are the advantages of using application forms during the selection process?

A

+ Easy to identify qualifications
+ All applying care
+ Consistency

46
Q

What are the disadvantages of using application forms during the selection process?

A
  • Fewer applicants (EVAL: all applying care)

- Less personalised

47
Q

Why might the following be included on an application form?

  1. Previous employment
  2. Availability
  3. “More about you” questions
A
  1. Concerns over reasons for leaving/amount of time spent there are identified
  2. Identifies most flexible
  3. Personality shown here
48
Q

What is a letter of application?

A

A document sent with a CV/application form to provide additional information.

49
Q

What is a letter of application also known as?

A

A covering letter

50
Q

What are the key points to note about letters of application?

A

A4
Formal
Key competences, educational history
Show personality

Business Studies A Level (17 decks)

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