2. Groups In Context Flashcards
Name the category A groups.
- People with disabilities
2. Youth
Name the category B groups.
- Aged
2. Homeless
What is the prevalence of people with disabilities in the community?
- The proportion of people with disabilities is growing due to the ageing population.
- As expected, disability increases with age, with 6.6 percent of 15–24 year olds having a disability compared with 18 percent of 45–54 year olds and 40 percent of 65–69 year olds.
- 4 million people (Approx 18% of the population) in Australia have a disability
Refer to the individual diversity of people with disabilities.
- People with disabilities can come from any race, gender, educational or socioeconomic group.
- They may suffer from one or multiple disabilities. Some may be born with a disability while others may acquire one, perhaps as a result of a motor vehicle accident.
- Disabilities can be permanent or temporary and can range from mild to severe.
Name and describe the acronym for the differing forms of disabilities.
PIPS: P - Physical (e.g Paralysis) I - Intellectual (e.g ADHD) P - Physiological (e.g Anxiety) S - Sensory (e.g Blindness)
Name the negative terminology of people with disabilities and their effect.
- Crazy
- Downy
- Retard
It makes people with disabilities feel negatively about themselves, as if they are different or abnormal.
Name the positive terminology of people with disabilities and their effect.
- Learning difficulty
- Disabled
- Less able
It makes people with disabilities feel accepted within society, like they are the ‘norm’.
Name and describe the acronym for the specific needs of people with disabilities.
SHESEA
S - Safety and security: Applies to the physical, emotional and financial areas of an individual’s life. They may be vulnerable due to their disability.
H - Health: People with disabilities have varying levels of health problems. Regardless of their level of health, every person with a disability needs regular GP and variety of specialists.If health needs are not met, quality of life and life span are adversely affected.
E - Education: Education is vital however if not prioritised, economic status may be adversely affected. Education about the nature of the disability is required, for the person with the disability and carers alike.
S - Sense of identity: Sense of identity refers to a person’s view of who they are. Closely linked to self-esteem, a person’s sense of identity comes from involvement in work, family life and activities. A person who has become disabled as an adult may experience great difficulties in establishing a renewed sense of identity.
E - Employment: Employment can help individuals to meet their needs of an adequate standard of living. People with disabilities may find it difficult to secure permanent work due to the nature of their disability, their level of education and the attitudes of employers.
A - Adequate standard of living: Socioeconomic status of a person with a disability may be affected due to lower workforce participation rates.
Food choices can be an issue, as some people require specially processed foods. Others may find their choices limited if they cannot shop of prepare food independently.
Clothing may need to be modified to give a person more independence. Sometimes modifications must be made to their home better suiting the individual, eg. installing a ramp.
Name and describe the acronym for the types of services for people with disabilities.
FATLEECH
F - Financial support: Includes disability support pensions provided to those prevented from working because
of a disability. A Sickness Allowance available for short-term disability. Child Disability Assistance Payments and Youth Disability Supplements
available for young people with disabilities.
A - Accommodation: The type of disability will determine the accommodation required. A person may require
modifications to their home, including specialist furniture, ramps, security and adapted appliances. May be provided through gov assistance such as housing commission.
T - Transport: People with disabilities need access to transports allowing them to travel to places. On public transport, there are designated seats for persons with a disability, ramps and boarding devices. For private vehicles, there are designated disabled parking spaces that allow for wheelchair access.
L - Legal aid: Free legal services are offered to people with disabilities through the Disability Discrimination
Legal Service. Apart from directly offering services, this organisation investigates and challenges current social, economic and legislative issues affecting people with disabilities.
E - Education: People with disabilities have diverse abilities and learning needs; they may require specialised help, learning tools, books and technology. Education will look different for each type of disability.
E - Employment: Disability Employment Services promote and assist the employment of people with a disability.
This may be through assistance to both the person with the disability and to the employer.
C - Counselling: The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) provide disability support needs for Australian citizens and residents.
H - Health care: Financial support is essential in improving and maintaining the health of people with disabilities. Through health care, individuals have access to the best quality and support of physicians, specialists and doctors. Medibank Income Protection offers a monthly
Income Benefit if you suffer a Disability.
Name and describe the acronym for the factors affecting access to services for people with disabilities.
CAR
C - Characteristics of individuals
A - Aspect of the service
R - Resources
Name and describe the acronym for the characteristics of people with disabilities.
GASCDL
G - Gender: Gender is not often recognised as an important factor for these individuals, but consider that disabilities are more likely in males than in females to result from motor vehicle or occupational injury. As a result, more compensation and greater rehabilitation opportunities may be available for men.
A - Age: At both ends of the lifespan, a person with a disability may be dependent upon a carer or support group for assistance in accessing services such as health care or financial support.
S - Socioeconomic status: Many people with disabilities are dependent on welfare support. This limits their access to services, such as private hospitals, and allied health professionals, such as speech or occupational therapists.
C - Culture: Language barriers may impact access to community health services for a person with a disability. There are some community facilities that cater to people from an ethnic background. For example, the Ethnic Communities’ Council of Victoria.
D - Disability: The type and degree of disability has the most significant effect on access to services. The disability may be short- or long-term, life threatening or just uncomfortable. Disability is diverse, and so is the range of support services available.
L - Level of education: People with disabilities need education to effectively manage their disabilities. Some people with an intellectual disability learn to use the internet and a mobile phone. This increases their access to information and enhances their communication, especially if they are housebound.
Name and describe the acronym for the resources that will affect the disabled in accessing services.
TEMK
T - Time: Individuals and their carers must have the time to be transported to the service. Usually, transporting
someone with a disability is relatively time consuming.
E - Energy: The energy of a person with a disability may vary depending on their age and condition. This may
affect a person’s decision to be involved with employment programs or educational courses.
M - Money: People with disabilities may need expensive equipment, so money can be a significant factor. For example, a beach wheelchair allows a person to access the surf and sand.
K - Knowledge: Some disabilities mean individuals are unable to communicate. Sadly, some people mistake this lack of communication for a lack of knowledge.
Name and describe the acronym for aspects of the service for people with disabilities.
LOCS
L - Location: People with disabilities who live in urban communities have greater access to resources, such as health services, education, support groups and government departments. Those living in rural or remote locations may have to travel to gain assistance.
O - Opening hours: Depending upon the type of disability a person has, traditional opening hours may not always fit in with their schedule. Reliance upon assistance with morning toileting, dressing, feeding and taking medication may limit ‘free’ time.
C - Confidentiality: The Disability Discrimination Act 1992 clearly states that, people with disabilities have the right to be treated equitably. They have the right to access services without having to disclose unnecessary personal information; if information is provided, they have the right to confidentiality.
S - Staffing: Staff members need to be well trained in offering support, as many people with a disability require assistance with paperwork and meeting government requirements. Further, there must be enough staff so that clients do not need to wait hours for assistance.
What is the prevalence of homeless people within the community?
- 2016 census homelessness figures showed 116,000 people.
- Over 60% of homeless people were under the age of 35 years old.
- 58% were male and 42% were female.
Name and describe the acronym for the individual diversity of homeless people.
According to the ABS. Three levels of homelessness were recognised according to the degree to which these housing needs were unmet:
PTS
P - Primary homelessness: People without conventional accommodation, such as people living on the street, in parks, under bridges, in derelict buildings, improvised dwellings, etc.
T - Tertiary homelessness:People living in single rooms in private boarding houses, without their own bathroom, kitchen or security of tenure.
S - Secondary homelessness: People moving between various forms of temporary shelter including staying with friends, emergency accommodation, youth refuges, hostels and boarding houses.
Name the negative terminology of people with disabilities and their effect.
- Burden
- Useless
- Junkie
- Addict
The impact of negative terminology on the homeless makes them feel segregated from society, have a low self esteem and is isolating.
Name the positive terminology of people with disabilities and their effect.
- Less fortunate
- Disadvantaged
The impact of positive terminology on homeless people makes them feel like they have a purpose and are included in society.
Name and describe the acronym for the specific needs of homeless people.
SHESEA
S - Safety and security: Homeless people are among the most vulnerable group of people in our society. The socio-emotional and physical security of homeless people is severely limited. The streets and shelters offer little protection from both the environment and other people.
H - Health: Homeless people generally have health issues that are more severe than those of others in the community. Health issues may cause homelessness, but will worsen if left untreated. Homeless people may have trouble accessing health services for a number of reasons, including financial hardship.
E - Education: Stereotypically, we link homelessness with a lack of education. This may not always be the case and is, again, dependent upon the cause of homelessness. Generally speaking, however, it is acknowledged that without education, it can be difficult to move beyond the poverty experienced by the homeless.
S - Sense of identity: Given that a person’s sense of identity comes from involvement in work, family life and other social activities, it is easy to see why a homeless person would have difficulty meeting this need. The homeless person may also lack a strong sense of identity due to an absence of safety, security, a stable address and income.
E - Employment: Homeless people may face discrimination in the workplace, in response to an unkempt appearance and poor personal hygiene. It is their inability to secure employment – and thus, income – that makes it difficult for homeless people to access the basic necessities of life.
A - Adequate standard of living: The homeless require access to services that provide accommodation and social support. They may also need the support of services that help to address and alleviate the cause of their homelessness; for example, drug rehabilitation. Many homeless people isolate themselves, and are isolated by society; it is because of this isolation that they are not aware of the many services available to assist them.
Name and describe the acronym for the types of services for homeless people.
FATLEECH
F - Financial support: For many individuals and families who are facing homelessness, not having a fixed address makes
it difficult to obtain government benefits. To this end, financial support is sometimes provided via material goods from op shops, food, vouchers and the part payment of bills.
A - Accommodation: The City of Sydney’s Homelessness Services, provide a range of support services as well as accommodation. Support services include advice and information, assessment, referral and case management and outreach and mobile services.
T - Transport: Quite often it is their outward appearance that causes others to shy away. This makes it unlikely that homeless people will use public transport, as does their inability to pay the fare. More often than not, walking is a homeless person’s main form of transport. Homeless people generally locate themselves in a specific area of a suburb or city, and have little reason to move.
L - Legal aid: Homeless people tend to have a range of issues that require expert judgement and guidance. Thus, in order to assist the homeless in their endeavour to attain a basic level of wellbeing, the provision of legal aid is imperative. Homeless Outreach Legal Services is one example of such a service.
E - Education: At school, young people learn social cues, develop friendships and acquire skills that allow them to become immersed in recreational activities. It is therefore easy to understand that a failure to acquire basic education at a young age is detrimental to further development.
E - Employment: Training, skills and education each play an integral role in preparing homeless people for employment. To this end, many support agencies provide basic training programs where homeless people can acquire skills that will help them obtain employment. Mission Australia is one such organisation.
C - Counselling: Homeless people can access a range of drug and alcohol services including counselling, support and detoxification services.
H - Health care: Health services for homeless people are provided through hospital and community health services. NSW Health and a number of community agencies employ health workers who provide basic health care and assessment to homeless people in accommodation centres and on the streets.
Name and describe the acronym for the factors affecting access to services for homeless people.
CAR
C - Characteristics of individuals
A - Aspect of the service
R - Resources
Name and describe the acronym for the characteristics of homeless people.
GASCDL
G - Gender: Homelessness can create a division in services according to gender. While there is emergency, short-term and long-term accommodation for both men and women, there is more support for women in the form of women’s refuges.
A - Age: Homelessness affects individuals of all ages. Seventeen per cent of homeless people are aged 12 years or under, while two per cent are aged 75 and over (Homelessness Australia, 2012).Age may restrict some individuals from accessing services.
S - Socioeconomic status: Most homeless people do not have an income. This restricts their ability to engage in what is essentially a consumer-driven society. Difficulties in providing a standard form of identification (for example, a driver’s license, passport or birth certificate) can make seeking government support or employment an ongoing problem.
C - Culture: Some homeless people may find accommodation or services offered to be culturally inappropriate, specifically in regard to gender and segregation. Language may affect familiarity and knowledge of relevant services.
D - Disability: Mental health issues are a significant source of disability for the homeless. Whether it is a cause or effect of an individual’s homelessness, mental disability can compound the difficulties faced in accessing services by creating barriers in communication.
L - Level of education: Many homeless people have poor literacy and numeracy skills. As a group, the homeless need programs to improve these skills. They also require education about accommodation programs, welfare groups and social programs that are available to them.
Name and describe the acronym for the resources that will affect the homeless in accessing services.
TEMK
T - Time: The homeless person may be perceived to have a lot of time at their disposal. However, owing to irregular sleep patterns during the night (when most businesses and support agencies are closed) the daylight hours may be unproductive.
E - Energy: With a limited diet, and possibly only one meal a day, it is highly likely that homeless people lack energy.
M - Money: Many factors stop homeless people from having money: a lack of employment; the absence of a bank account; the fear of being robbed.
K - Knowledge: Many of Australia’s homeless have a low level of education. For many, schooling has been sporadic (due to changes in schools, as well as a heightened frequency of domestic disharmony). The opportunity to acquire knowledge is therefore limited.
