2. Globalistaion Flashcards
Cultural imperialism- pessimistic globalists
-Marxist view
-The globalisation of media has led to cultural imperialism: the Western world dominating the rest of the world through the media and the marketing of its own cultural products
Adorno and Marcuse (pessimistic)
-Argue global mass media is there to trap global consumers into capitalist ideology and to produce a homogenised culture that mainly promotes capitalist values such as materialism
-Creates false needs and conspicuous consumption which ultimately benefits them.
Flew (pessimistic)
-USA dominating force in the spread of Global culture and cultural imperialism. Americanism is everywhere
-Ritzer backs this up with the idea of McDonaldization. It is now possible to travel the world without having to eat any indigenous food. Menu is immediately recognisable, leads to decline in local culture.
Barber (pessimistic)
Increase of Americanisation has lead to an increase in extremist terrorism as an approach to reject globalisation
Klein (pessimistic)
Cultural homogenisation is increasing. This is the idea that local cultures are killed off by globalisation and the whole world becomes the same, same shops, films, television programmes and brands
Cultural imperialists evaluation
-Assumes we passively accept Americanisation without challenge
-Golobalisation improves diversity and choice, not narrows it
-Over emphasises the negatives of globalisation it has led to a multicultural world, we live in a global village
-We are more aware of the world now, making us more supportive e.g. corona virus support
Cultural Hybridisation (hyper globalists)
-Post modernist view
-Cultural globalisation as a force for good, then, where cultural globalisation adds to our cultural options and enriches culture rather than displaces it
Cohen and Kennedy (hyper globalists)
-Ppl do not generally abandon their own local culture just because of mass media.
-Their values and traditions do not simply disappear
-Rather, they mix and match elements of global culture with elements of local culture as society efolves
Murthy (Hyper globalists)
-Social media sites such as Twitter and Facebook (with over 300 million users) can help increase political awareness such as issues of human rights abuses, repression and protest
-Can help coordinate mass political responses to these issues
Jenkins (Hyper globalists)
-Argues that participatory culture creates new forms of community because those involved feel connected to one another in that they care about what other ppl feel about what they’ve created
Cultural hybridisation evaluation
-Exaggerates role pop culture plays in identity, many ppl still see family, class etc more influential in their lives and identities
-Ignores inequality of new media divide, not all ppl globally have access to technology which allows them to benefit from globalisation
-Globalisation could lead to more cultural appropriation, possibility of racism
Popular culture
Produced for a mass audience and enjoyed in masses, mainstream TV, pop music
High culture
Seen as artistic, elite, special and respectable
E.g. national galleries, operas, theatre
Changing distinction between the two
-Post modernists argue differences weakening
-Beethoven music can be accessed online at home rather than needing to go to a opera
-Anyone can watch theatre production
on YouTube
