2 Gas Laws Flashcards
How is P1 and T1 related to P2 and T2?
P1 is pressure before
T1 is temperature before
P2 is pressure after
T2 is temperature after
Explain why a hot balloon expands
As temperature rises, the particles have more energy
Particles have more KE
Particles move faster
More collisions per unit time AND particles collide with more force
Pressure = force / area
Increased pressure on the inside of the balloon, with same pressure on the outside results in greater forces on inside compared to outside of balloon - balloon skin stretches outward
What are the control variables for the Boyles’ Law investigation where the volume of a gas was measured as the pressure was varied?
Moles or mass of gas
Temperature of gas
Use the equation below to calculate the new volume of a gas as its pressure increased from 100kPa to 200kPa.
Its initial volume was 50cm3.
P2V2 = P1 V1
V2 = P1V1/P2
V2 = 100kPa x 50cm3 / 200kPa
V2 = 25cm3
Convert 373K to ºC
ºC = K - 273
373K = 100ºC
How does a gas exert pressure of the inside of a balloon?
- Gas particles are moving fast and freely
- They collide with the walls of the balloon
- They exert a force of the wall of the balloon
- Pressure = force / area
- Particles exerting a force on the area of the balloon creates a pressure.
Convert 100K to ºC
ºC = K - 273
100K = -173ºC
Name the independent and dependent variable for the Joly’s bulb experiment
Independent : temperature gas
Dependent : pressure of gas
What happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume is halved?
Explain why this happens.
As volume is halved, pressure is doubled
There are the same number of particles as the volume is halved
OR double the number of particles per unit volume
Pressure = force / area
Double the number of collision per unit time per unit area.
Name the independent and dependent variable for Boyle’s law experiment
Independent : pressure
Dependent : volume of gas
What happens to the particles of a gas when they are heated?
The particles gain energy
KE of particles increases
Particles move faster
Convert 100ºC to Kelvin
K = ºC + 273
100ºC = 373 K
How would you represent the motion of a smoke particles in air? (Brownian motion)
Uses arrows of different length and directions to show continual random movement.
What is the unit for volume of a gas?
cm3 or dm3
How many Pa is a kPa?
1000 Pa = 1 kPa
From the graph, how is pressure of a gas related to its volume at the same temperature and moles of gas?
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume at same temperature and moles of gas
Convert -273ºC to Kelvin
K = ºC + 273
-273ºC = 0 K