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CCNA 200-301 > 2. Fundamentals of Ethernet LANs > Flashcards

2. Fundamentals of Ethernet LANs Flashcards

1
Q

A device connected using wireless technology is using Ethernet (true or false)

A

False.

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2
Q

Which ethernet standard defines Gigabit ethernet over UTP?

A

1000Base-T

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3
Q

Which ethernet standard defines Fast Ethernet over UTP

A

100Base-T

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4
Q

Which ethernet standard defines regular ethernet over UTP?

A

10Base-T

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5
Q

SOHO stands for?

A

Small Office / Home Office

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6
Q

Define LAN

A

Local Area Network

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7
Q

Wireless LANs are defined by the IEEE using standards beginning with…

A

802.11

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8
Q

Which 3 devices does a typical consumer grade “wireless router” incorporate?

A

A wireless access point, network switch and router.

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9
Q

In an example topology each floor of a building has an access switch which leads to a primary switch which could be called a…

A

Distribution Switch

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10
Q

Although more expensive, optical cables typically allow for what between nodes?

A

longer cabling distances.

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11
Q

What speed is 802.3 ethernet

A

10Mbps

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12
Q

The common name for 10Base-T is?

A

Ethernet

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13
Q

The common name for 100Base-T is?

A

Fast Ethernet

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14
Q

802.3u is the formal standard name for which common ethernet type?

A

Fast Ethernet

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15
Q

What speed is fast ethernet

A

100Mbs

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16
Q

What is the maximum copper cable length for both Ethernet and Fast Ethernet

A

100m

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17
Q

802.3z is the formal name for which type of ethernet

A

Gigabit Ethernet over Fibre (1000Base-LX)

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18
Q

802.3ab is the formal name for which type of ethernet?

A

Gigabit Ethernet over Copper (1000Base-T)

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19
Q

1000Base-T has a speed of

A

1000Mbps

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20
Q

10GBase-T has a speed of

A

10Gbps

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21
Q

The common name for 802.3an is?

A

10 Gig Ethernet

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22
Q

The maximum distance for 1000Base-Lx is

A

5000m over Fiber

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23
Q

The maximum distance for 10GBase-T is

A

100m over Copper

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24
Q

10 Gig Ethernet is formally known as

A

802.3an

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25
Q

Gigabit Ethernet is formally known as

A

802.3ab

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26
Q

Fast Ethernet is formally known as

A

802.3z

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27
Q

The Ethernet header and trailer are the same regardless of which Ethernet cabling is used? True or False?

A

True

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28
Q

Ethernet data-link protocols focus on sending what?

A

An ethernet frame from source to destination ethernet nodes.

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29
Q

UTP stands for

A

Unsheilded Twisted Pair

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30
Q

An Ethernet LAN typically consists of what?

A

End devices, switches and different kinds of cabling.

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31
Q

The rules defining how two devices send data over a physical link is called…

A

Encoding Scheme

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32
Q

Twisting the pairs of wires in UTP helps to do what?

A

Reduce EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)

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33
Q

The term Ethernet Link refers to what?

A

Any physical cable between two ethernet nodes.

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34
Q

How many pairs of wires are used in 10Base-T and 100Base-T cabling?

A

2 pairs.

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35
Q

How many pairs of wires are used in 1000Base-T ethernet cabling?

A

4 pairs.

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36
Q

NIC stands for?

A

Network Interface Card

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37
Q

The connector for typical copper ethernet cabling is called?

A

RJ-45

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38
Q

SFP+ stands for

A

Enhanced Small Form-Factor Pluggable

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39
Q

SFP stands for

A

Small Form-Factor Pluggable

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40
Q

GBIC stands for

A

Gigabit Ethernet Interface Converter

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41
Q

SFP+ supports speeds of?

A

10Gbps

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42
Q

Why do 10Base-T and 100Base-T use two pairs of wires in a UTP cable?

A

One pair for each direction.

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43
Q

Ethernet NIC transmitters use which pins?

A

1 and 2

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44
Q

Ethernet NIC receivers use which pins?

A

3 and 6

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45
Q

A LAN Switch uses which pins to receive?

A

1 and 2

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46
Q

A LAN Switch uses which pins to transmit?

A

3 and 6

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47
Q

An ethernet switch and NIC should be connected with which type of UTP cable?

A

Straight-through.

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48
Q

When will a straight-through cable work correctly?

A

When the nodes use opposite pairs for transmitting data.

49
Q

When two devices on an ethernet link both transmit on the same pins which type of UTP cable should be used?

A

Cross-over

50
Q

Which pins are crossed in a crossover cable?

A

The transmit pins are crossed over with the receive pins?

51
Q

In a 10Base-T UTP cross over cable, which pins are 1 and 2 connected to?

A

3 and 6

52
Q

In a 100Base-T UTP straight-through cable which pins are 1 and 2 connected to?

A

1 and 2

53
Q

When should a cross-over cable be used?

A

When the endpoints transmit on the same pin pairs.

54
Q

When should a straight-through cable be used?

A

When the endpoints transmit on different pin pairs.

55
Q

Which devices transmit on pins 1,2

A

PC NICs, Routers, Wireless Access Points

56
Q

Which devices transmit on pins 3,6

A

Hubs, Switches

57
Q

Two switches should be connected together using a

A

Cross over cable.

58
Q

A switch and a router should be connected together using a

A

Straight-through cable.

59
Q

Auto-mdix is a feature that does what?

A

Changes a links logic to allow it to work with the wrong cable?

60
Q

Some switches support a feature that allows the wrong cable to be used, this feature is called?

A

Auto-mdix

61
Q

How does 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet) cabling differ from 10Base-T/100Base-T

A

It uses four pairs of wires. It uses more advanced electronics that allow both ends to transmit and receive at the same time.

62
Q

A gigabit ethernet crossover cable crossed which pins

A

1,2 to 3,6 and 4,5 to 7,8

63
Q

What is the common maximum distance for UTP-based Ethernet standards

A

100m

64
Q

What are the inner layers of a fibre cable called?

A

Core & Cladding

65
Q

What is the middle layer of a fiber cable called?

A

Buffer

66
Q

What are the outer two layers of a fiber cabled called?

A

Strengthener and Outer Jacket

67
Q

Which type of fiber cable allow for the light to enter at many angles?

A

Multimode Fiber

68
Q

Which type of fiber cable requires the light to enter at a single angle?

A

Single-mode Fiber

69
Q

Which light source is typically used for single-mode fiber?

A

Laser

70
Q

Which light source is typically used for multi-mode fiber cable?

A

LED

71
Q

Which supports greater distances? Multimode fiber or Singlemode Fiber?

A

Multimode

72
Q

Which mode of fiber is least expensive?

A

Multimode

73
Q

The standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet over Multimode Fiber allows for distances up to?

A

400m

74
Q

The standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet over Singlemode Fiber allows for distances up to?

A

10km

75
Q

10GBASE-S has which cable type?

A

Multimode

76
Q

10GBase-LX4 has which cable type?

A

Multimode

77
Q

10GBase-LR has a maximum distance of

A

10km

78
Q

10GBase-E has a maximum distance of

A

30km

79
Q

10GBase-LX4 has a maximum distance of

A

300m

80
Q

10GBase-S has a maximum distance of

A

400m

81
Q

10GBase-E uses which type of cable?

A

Single-mode

82
Q

10GBase-LR uses which type of cable?

A

Single-mode

83
Q

In which order of cost would you put UTP, Multimode and Singlemode link types?

A

UTP Cheapest, Singlemode is the most expensive.

84
Q

UTP cables present a security risk because of which flaw?

A

EMI could be intercepted.

85
Q

For maximum security which cable type should be used?

A

Fiber

86
Q

Which 5 components make up the ethernet header?

A

Preamble, Start Frame Delimiter, Destination, Source, Type

87
Q

Which component makes up the ethernet trailer?

A

Frame Check Sequence (FCS)

88
Q

How many bytes make up the ethernet frame header preamble?

A

7 bytes

89
Q

How many bytes make up the ethernet frame header SFD (Start Frame Delimiter)

A

1 byte

90
Q

How many bytes are used for each of the destination and source mac addresses in the Ethernet frame header?

A

6 bytes each

91
Q

How many bytes are used in the ethernet header for type

A

2 bytes

92
Q

What is the minimum and maximum number of bytes between the header and trailer that can contain data within the ethernet frame?

A

46 and 1500 bytes

93
Q

Define MTU

A

Maximum Transmission Unit

94
Q

What is the purpose of the Preamble in an Ethernet Frame header?

A

Synchronization

95
Q

define MAC address

A

Media Access Control

96
Q

How many bytes is a MAC address?

A

6 bytes

97
Q

What are other names for a MAC address?

A

Burned-in-address, ethernet address.

98
Q

A unicast address is

A

the mac address of a single node or device.

99
Q

Who assigns the unique 3-byte code to manufacturers for use in MAC addresses?

A

IEEE

100
Q

Define OUI

A

Organizationally Unique Identifier

101
Q

A MAC address begins with which 3 byte code.

A

OUI

102
Q

Give two examples of group addresses

A

Multicast addresses, broadcast address.

103
Q

FFFF.FFFF.FFFF is what?

A

A broadcast address.

104
Q

What is the ethernet type of IPv4 as used in the Type field of the header

A

0800

105
Q

What is the ethernet type of IPv6 as used in the Type field of the header?

A

86DD

106
Q

FCS in the Ethernet Trailer is used for what?

A

Error Detection

107
Q

FCS stands for

A

Frame Check Sequence

108
Q

What is the advantage of Full Duplex over Half Duplex

A

A device does not have to wait before sending, it can send and receive at the same time.

109
Q

Which devices use Half Duplex

A

Network Hubs

110
Q

What is a disadvantage of half-duplex

A

If a device is currently receiving a frame it cannot send.

111
Q

Two or more devices at half-duplex transmitting at the same instant would result in what.

A

A collision

112
Q

A switch operates at Layer 2 - why is this an advantage over a hub?

A

It understands a frame and can look at the data-link header and trailer. It can transmit to a specific destination.

113
Q

What is the major disadvantage of a network hub?

A

It repeats a received signal on all ports.

114
Q

What algorithm is used in half-duplex logic to avoid collisions?

A

CSMA/CD

115
Q

Define CSMA/CD

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection.

116
Q

What happens when a collision occurs with half-duplex logic.

A

all sending nodes send a jamming signal and then wait a random amount of time.

117
Q

Any link connected to a LAN hub must use what to avoid collisions?

A

Half-Duplex

118
Q

Ethernet Shared Media refers to what?

A

Network designs that use hubs and require CSMA/CD and therefore share bandwidth.

119
Q

Ethernet Point-to-Point refers to what?

A

Network designs that are built with switches and do not require sharing bandwidth.

CCNA 200-301 (2 decks)

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